1 Kings 11:14

 1 Kings 11:14

And the LORD stirred up an adversary unto Solomon, Hadad the Edomite: he was of the king's seed in Edom.

a. NASB 1995: Then the LORD raised up an adversary to Solomon, Hadad the Edomite; he was of the [fn]royal line in Edom.  [New American Standard Bible 1995 (NASB1995) New American Standard Bible®, Copyright © 1960, 1971, 1977, 1995 by The Lockman Foundation. All rights reserved.]

b. NKJV: Now the LORD raised up an adversary against Solomon, Hadad the Edomite; he was a descendant of the king in Edom.  [Scripture quotations marked "NKJV" are taken from the New King James Version®, Copyright© 1982, Thomas Nelson. All rights reserved.]

c. Classic Amplified Bible: The Lord stirred up an adversary against Solomon, Hadad the Edomite; he was of royal descent in Edom.  [Amplified Bible, Classic Edition (AMPC)

Copyright © 1954, 1958, 1962, 1964, 1965, 1987 by The Lockman Foundation]

d. The Rubin Edition, The Early Prophets, 1 & 2 Kings, Rabbinic Commentary: HASHEM then stirred up an antagonist against Solomon , Hadad the Edomite; he was a member of the royal family of Edom. [The ArtScroll Series/Rubin Edition THE PROPHETS: KINGS Copyright 2006 by MESORAH PUBLICATIONS, Ltd.]

e. ESV: And the LORD raised up an adversary against Solomon, Hadad the Edomite. He was of the royal house in Edom.  [Scripture quotations are from the Holy Bible, English Standard Version, copyright © 2001, 2007, 2011, 2016 by Crossway Bibles, a division of Good News Publishers. Used by permission. All rights reserved.]

f. Unless otherwise stated, all Greek and Hebrew definitions are from Blue Letter Bible

1. And the LORD stirred up an adversary unto Solomon, Hadad the Edomite: he was of the king's seed in Edom.

a. [And the] LORD [Strong: 3068 Yᵉhôvâh, yeh-ho-vaw'; from H1961; (the) self-Existent or Eternal; Jeho-vah, Jewish national name of God:—Jehovah, the Lord.]

b. stirred up [Strong: 6965 qûwm, koom; a primitive root; to rise (in various applications, literal, figurative, intensive and causative):—abide, accomplish, × be clearer, confirm, continue, decree, × be dim, endure, × enemy, enjoin, get up, make good, help, hold, (help to) lift up (again), make, × but newly, ordain, perform, pitch, raise (up), rear (up), remain, (a-) rise (up) (again, against), rouse up, set (up), (e-) stablish, (make to) stand (up), stir up, strengthen, succeed, (as-, make) sure(-ly), (be) up(-hold, -rising).]

1). E. W. Bullinger, Figures of Speech Used in the Bible: Active verbs were used by the Hebrews to express, not the doing of the thing, but the permission of the thing which the agent is said to do.

2). Thomas Jackson, The Providence of God, Viewed in the Light of Holy Scriptures: “It is then so common in Holy Scripture to speak of God as actually doing that which He simply permits, and does not absolutely hinder men from doing, that this may be justly regarded as an idiom of eastern speech.”

3). The above two statements by men smarter than I [E. W. Bullinger and Thomas Jackson], I believe fit into this passage, where God did not personally stir up the adversary permitted the Edomite king to be stirred up against Solomon. The actual cause of this stirring up was the result of Joab killing every male Edomite.

a). 1 Kings 11:15-22 For it came to pass, when David was in Edom, and Joab the captain of the host was gone up to bury the slain, after he had smitten every male in Edom;

11:16 (For six months did Joab remain there with all Israel, until he had cut off every male in Edom:)

11:17 That Hadad fled, he and certain Edomites of his father's servants with him, to go into Egypt; Hadad being yet a little child.

11:18 And they arose out of Midian, and came to Paran: and they took men with them out of Paran, and they came to Egypt, unto Pharaoh king of Egypt; which gave him an house, and appointed him victuals, and gave him land.

11:19 And Hadad found great favour in the sight of Pharaoh, so that he gave him to wife the sister of his own wife, the sister of Tahpenes the queen.

11:20 And the sister of Tahpenes bare him Genubath his son, whom Tahpenes weaned in Pharaoh's house: and Genubath was in Pharaoh's household among the sons of Pharaoh.

11:21 And when Hadad heard in Egypt that David slept with his fathers, and that Joab the captain of the host was dead, Hadad said to Pharaoh, Let me depart, that I may go to mine own country.

11:22 Then Pharaoh said unto him, But what hast thou lacked with me, that, behold, thou seekest to go to thine own country? And he answered, Nothing: howbeit let me go in any wise.

c. [an] adversary [Strong: 7854 sâṭân, saw-tawn'; from H7853; an opponent; especially (with the article prefixed) Satan, the arch-enemy of good:—adversary, Satan, withstand.]

d. [unto] Solomon [Strong: 8010 Shᵉlômôh, shel-o-mo'; from H7965; peaceful; Shelomah, David's successor:—Solomon.]

e. [Strong: 853 'eth ayth apparent contracted from 226 in the demonstrative sense of entity; properly, self (but generally used to point out more definitely the object of a verb or preposition, even or namely):--(as such unrepresented in English).]

f. Hadad [Strong: 1908 Hădad, had-ad'; probably of foreign origin (compare H111); Hadad, the name of an idol, and of several kings of Edom:—Hadad.]

g. [the] Edomite [Strong: 130 ʼĔdômîy, ed-o-mee'; or (fully) אֱדוֹמִי ʼĔdôwmîy ; patronymic from H123; See H726. an Edomite, or descendants from (or inhabitants of) Edom:—Edomite.]

h. he [Strong: 1931 hûwʼ, hoo; of which the feminine (beyond the Pentateuch) is הִיא hîyʼ; he a primitive word, the third person pronoun singular; he (she or it); only expressed when emphatic or without a verb; also (intensively) self, or (especially with the article) the same; sometimes (as demonstrative) this or that; occasionally (instead of copula) as or are:—he, as for her, him(-self), it, the same, she (herself), such, that (...it), these, they, this, those, which (is), who.]

i. [he was of the] king’s [Strong: 4428 melek, meh'-lek; from H4427; a king:—king, royal.]

j. seed [Strong: 2233 zeraʻ, zeh'-rah; from H2232; seed; figuratively, fruit, plant, sowing-time, posterity:—× carnally, child, fruitful, seed(-time), sowing-time.]

k. [in] Edom [Strong: 123 ʼĔdôm, ed-ome'; or (fully) אֱדוֹם ʼĔdôwm ; from H122; red (see Genesis 25:25); Edom, the elder twin-brother of Jacob; hence the region (Idumaea) occupied by him:—Edom, Edomites, Idumea.]