Acts 2:35

Acts 2:35

Until I make thy foes thy footstool.

a. NLT: until I humble your enemies,
making them a footstool under your feet.”

b. NIV: until I make your enemies a footstool for your feet.” ’

c. YLT: till I make thy foes thy footstool;

d. Amplified Bible: Until I make Your enemies a footstool for Your feet.

e. Worrell Translation: till I make Thy foes a footstool for Thy feet.

1. “Until I make thy foes thy footstool.”

a. until [2193 * heos] [Strong: of uncertain affinity; a conjunction, preposition and adverb of continuance, until (of time and place):--even (until, unto), (as) far (as), how long, (un-)til(-l), (hither-, un-, up) to, while(-s).]

b. I make [302 * an] [Strong: a primary particle, denoting a supposition, wish, possibility or uncertainty:--(what-, where-, wither-, who-)soever. Usually unexpressed except by the subjunctive or potential mood. Also contracted for 1437.]

1). [5087 * tithemi] [Strong:  a prolonged form of a primary theo theh'-o (which is used only as alternate in certain tenses) to place (in the widest application, literally and figuratively; properly, in a passive or horizontal posture, and thus different from 2476, which properly denotes an upright and active position, while 2749 is properly reflexive and utterly prostrate):--+ advise, appoint, bow, commit, conceive, give, X kneel down, lay (aside, down, up), make, ordain, purpose, put, set (forth), settle, sink down.]

c. thy [4675 * sou] [Strong: genitive case of 4771; of thee, thy:--X home, thee, thine (own), thou, thy.]

d. foes [2190 * echthros] [Strong: from a primary echtho (to hate); hateful (passively, odious, or actively, hostile); usually as a noun, an adversary (especially Satan):--enemy, foe.]

e. thy [4675 * sou] See “thy” above.

f. footstool [4228 * pous] [Strong: a primary word; a "foot" (figuratively or literally):--foot(-stool).]

g. footstool [5286 * hupopodion] [Strong: neuter of a compound of 5259 and 4228; something under the feet, i.e. a foot-rest (figuratively):--footstool.]

1). It is unfortunate that Psalm 110:1 is split in half here, one half in Acts 2:34, the other in Acts 2:35.

2). Peter is continuing his preaching the resurrection of Christ, and he ties it to Psalms 110:1. Psalms 110:1 is the most quoted and alluded to Old Testament verse in the New Testament. Peter here is quoting Psalm 110:1. This verse is the most quoted Old Testament verse in the New Testament. It is quoted or alluded to 16 times in the New Testament: Matthew 22:44; 26:64; Mark 16:19; Luke 20:42, 43; Acts 2:33-36; Romans 8:34; 1 Corinthians 15:25; Ephesians 1:20; 2:6; Colossians 3:1; Hebrews 1:#; 1:13; 8:1; 10:12, 13; 12:2.

3). The frequency and importance of Psalm 110:1 being quoted is this: the sitting down of Christ at the right hand of God is the beginning of the establishment of the New Covenant. From this point on, the New Covenant is given, beginning with the out pouring of the Holy Ghost. See notes on Psalm 110:1 for more comprehensive notes on this verse.

4). The Jewish understanding of Psalm 110:1 is that it was referring to the Messiah, the Son of David.

a). Matthew 22:41-45  While the Pharisees were gathered together, Jesus asked them,

22:42 Saying, What think ye of Christ? whose son is he? They say unto him, The son of David.

22:43 He saith unto them, How then doth David in spirit call him Lord, saying,

22:44 The Lord said unto my Lord, Sit thou on my right hand, till I make thine enemies thy footstool?

22:45 If David then call him Lord, how is he his son?

5). It is in this understanding that explains the Jewish response in the next few verses.