Monday, December 31, 2007

Hebrews 11:1



Hebrews 11:1

Now faith is the substance of things hoped for, the evidence of things not seen.

a. NLT: Faith is the confidence that what we hope for will actually happen; it gives us assurance about things we cannot see.

b. NIV: Now faith is confidence in what we hope for and assurance about what we do not see.

c. YLT: And faith is of things hoped for a confidence, of matters not seen a conviction,

d. Amplified Bible Classic: Now faith is the assurance (the confirmation, the title deed) of the things [we] hope for, being the proof of things [we] do not see and the conviction of their reality [faith perceiving as real fact what is not revealed to the senses].

e. Worrell Translation: Now faith is an assurance of things hoped for, a sure persuasion of things not seen.

f. Wuest Translation: Now faith is the title deed of things hoped for, the proof of things which are not seen.

1. “Now faith…”

a. Now [1161 * de] [Strong: a primary particle (adversative or continuative); but, and, etc.:--also, and, but, moreover, now (often unexpressed in English).

b. faith [Strong: 4102 pistis, pis'-tis; from 3982; persuasion, i.e. credence; moral conviction (of religious truth, or the truthfulness of God or a religious teacher), especially reliance upon Christ for salvation; abstractly, constancy in such profession; by extension, the system of religious (Gospel) truth itself:--assurance, belief, believe, faith, fidelity.]  [W.E. Vine: The main elements in faith in its relation to the invisible God…are especially brought out in the use of this noun and the corresponding verb, they are: 1. A firm conviction producing a full acknowledgement of god’s revelation or truth, His word. 2. A personal surrender to Him. 3. A conduct inspired by such surrender.]

1). Pink: “Crediting the sure testimony of God, resting on His promises, and expecting the accomplishment of them, faith gives the object hoped for at a future period, a present reality and power in the soul, as if already possessed, for the believer is satisfied with the security afforded, and acts under the full persuasion that God will not fail of His engagement. Faith gives the soul an appropriating hold of them…it gives not an imaginary appearance to things, but a real subsistence.”

2). Also faith by definition involves a previous instruction. God had to speak faith to the heart in order for the heart to experience “faith”.

a). Romans 10:17 So the faith cometh by hearing, and hearing by the word of God.

(1) There are two different Greek words for the English term translated  “word”, they are logos & rhema. The Greek word used in Romans 10:17 is rhema. A distinguishing of the two needs to be stated.

(2) Word [4487 * rhema] [Zodhiates: That which is spoken, a statement, word.] [W.E. Vine: “The significance of rhema (as distinct from logos) is exemplified in the injunction to take “the sword of the Spirit, which is the word of God,” Ephesians 6:17; here the reference is not to the whole Bible as such, but to the individual scripture which the Spirit brings to our remembrance for use in time of need, a prerequisite being the regular storing of the mind with Scripture.”

(3) Word [3056 * logos] [Zodhiates: Intelligence, word as the expression of that intelligence, discourse, saying, thing.] [Vine: “The expression of thought…as embodying a concept or idea…a saying or statement…sometimes it is used as the sum of God’s utterances, a discourse, speech, of instruction, a word…Also a title of the Son of God.”]

(4) Dr. Charles Farah, Jr. Professor of Theology at ORU. “The Logos tends to be universal, while  the Rhema is often used as a particular…the Logos is eternal, while the Rhema is often contemporary…It is a word a man takes action on; a personal word he hears…”The word is nigh thee, even in thy mouth, and in thy heart…” Romans 10:8. Here the word Rhema is used, and I believe, though not all scholars would agree, that Paul is saying this: Because the word is in your heart, it is necessary to use the word Rhema rather than the Logos, because God’s word has become a personal word to you.”

b). In every verse that tells of a man or woman having faith, we must recognize that God had previously spoken, even though the text does not say it. The perfect example in our study is Hebrews 11:4, where because of faith, Abel offered a more excellent sacrifice than Cain. Many people wonder why Cain’s offering was rejected and why Abel’s was not. It was because there was a previous instruction that Abel from the heart obeyed and Cain did not. Even though the text does not show a previous instruction, the presence of faith in Abel demands it.

c). A logos word can become a rhema word through prayer and meditation and confession. See notes on Joshua 1:8 and Proverbs 4:20-22.

2. “…is the substance of things hoped for…”

a. is [2076 * esti] [Strong: third person singular present indicative of 1510; he (she or it) is; also (with neuter plural) they are:--are, be(-long), call, X can(-not), come, consisteth, X dure for a while, + follow, X have, (that) is (to say), make, meaneth, X must needs, + profit, + remaineth, + wrestle.]

b. the substance [5287 * hupostasis] [Strong: from a compound of 5259 and 2476; a setting under (support), i.e. (figuratively) concretely, essence, or abstractly, assurance (objectively or subjectively):--confidence, confident, person, substance.] [Bullinger: What is set or stands under; underlayer, foundation; that which lies at the foundation of a matter, confidence.]

1). Other uses of this same word.

a). 2 Corinthians 9:4 Lest haply if they of Macedonia come with me, and find you unprepared, we (that we say not, ye) should be ashamed in this same confident boasting.

b). 2 Corinthians 11:17 That which I speak, I speak it not after the Lord, but as it were foolishly, in this confidence of boasting.

c). Hebrews 3:14 For we are made partakers of Christ, if we hold the beginning of our confidence stedfast unto the end;

c. of things hoped for [1679 *  elpizo] [Strong: from 1680; to expect or confide:--(have, thing) hope(-d) (for), trust.]

1). Pink: “…just so far as I am counting upon the  ability, fidelity  of the Promiser, shall I be confident of receiving  the things promised and which I am expecting.”

3. “…the evidence of things not seen.”

a. the evidence  [1650 * elenchos] [Strong: from 1651; proof, conviction:--evidence, reproof.]

1). Pink: The word evidence is derived from a verb which signifies “to convince”, and that by demonstration…The noun occurs in only one other place, 2 Timothy3:16, “reproof”, to give assurance and certainty to what is true. The word “evidence” in our text denotes that which furnishes proof, so that one is assured of the reality and certainty of things Divine.”

b. of things [4229 *  pragma] [Strong: from 4238; a deed; by implication, an affair; by extension, an object (material):--business, matter, thing, work.]

c. not [3756 * ou; also (before a vowel) ouk; and (before an aspirate) ouch] [Strong: a primary word; the absolute negative (compare 3361) adverb; no or not:--+ long, nay, neither, never, no (X man), none, (can-)not, + nothing, + special, un(-worthy), when, + without, + yet but.]

d. seen [991 * blepo] [Strong: a primary verb; to look at (literally or figuratively):--behold, beware, lie, look (on, to), perceive, regard, see, sight, take heed.]

1). Pink: The word evidence is derived from a verb which signifies “to convince”, and that by demonstration…The noun occurs in only one other place, 2 Timothy3:16, “reproof”, to give assurance and certainty to what is true. The word “evidence” in our text denotes that which furnishes proof, so that one is assured of the reality and certainty of things Divine.”

2). Institute Creation Research Daily Devotional 9/3/11 The eleventh chapter of Hebrews, known as the great Hall of Fame of Faith reciting the faith and resulting action of many Old Testament heroes, begins with a description of what faith is.
 First, we see that it is the "substance of things hoped for." Biblically, we know that the Christian "hope" is a hope so real it has substance in the present. None of the people of faith recited in this chapter actually saw the promises made to them come to fruition, but they so believed in them that they lived in the present as if the future were reality. The word "substance" occurs only two other times in Hebrews. It is used to speak of Christ as the exact representation of God's essence and nature, "Who being the brightness of his glory, and the express image of his person |i.e., substance|" (Hebrews 1:3). It is also translated "confidence," "for we are made partakers of Christ, if we hold the beginning of our confidence stedfast unto the end" (Hebrews 3:14), and speaks of a deep assurance. Putting this all together, our text could then be rendered, "faith is the essence of our assurance of things yet in the future." The word "evidence" could be translated "conviction," or even "proof." The word implies a logical, airtight argument. "All scripture is given by inspiration of God, and is profitable for doctrine, for reproof |same word as 'evidence'|, for correction, for instruction in righteousness" (2 Timothy 3:16). This sort of evidence is something we know to be true, something about which we have such conviction we act accordingly.  The first half of the verse brings a future truth down into the present; the second half commits our lives to that truth. JDM


No comments: