1 Corinthians 10:4

1 Corinthians 10:4

And did all drink the same spiritual drink: for they drank of that spiritual Rock that followed them: and that Rock was Christ.

a. NLT: and all of them drank the same spiritual water. For they drank from the spiritual rock that traveled with them, and that rock was Christ.

b. NIV: and drank the same spiritual drink; for they drank from the spiritual rock that accompanied them, and that rock was Christ.

c. YLT: and all the same spiritual drink did drink, for they were drinking of a spiritual rock following them, and the rock was the Christ;

d. Amplified Bible: And they all drank the same spiritual (supernaturally given) drink. For they drank from a spiritual Rock which followed them [produced by the sole power of God Himself without natural instrumentality], and the Rock was Christ.

e. Worrell Translation: and all drank the same spiritual drink; for they were drinking of the spiritual Rock that followed them, and the Rock was Christ.

1. “And did all drink the same spiritual drink…”

a. and [2532 * kai] [Strong: apparently, a primary particle, having a copulative and sometimes also a cumulative force; and, also, even, so then, too, etc.; often used in connection (or composition) with other particles or small words:--and, also, both, but, even, for, if, or, so, that, then, therefore, when, yet.]

b. all [3956 * pas] [Strong: including all the forms of declension; apparently a primary word; all, any, every, the whole:--all (manner of, means), alway(-s), any (one), X daily, + ever, every (one, way), as many as, + no(-thing), X thoroughly, whatsoever, whole, whosoever.]

c. did drink [4095 * pino] [Strong: a prolonged form of pio pee'-o, which (together with another form) poo po'-o occurs only as an alternate in certain tenses; to imbibe (literally or figuratively):--drink.]

d. the same [846 * autos] [Strong: from the particle au (perhaps akin to the base of 109 through the idea of a baffling wind) (backward); the reflexive pronoun self, used (alone or in the comparative 1438) of the third person , and (with the proper personal pronoun) of the other persons:--her, it(-self), one, the other, (mine) own, said, (self-), the) same, ((him-, my-, thy- )self, (your-)selves, she, that, their(-s), them(-selves), there(-at, - by, -in, -into, -of, -on, -with), they, (these) things, this (man), those, together, very, which.]

e. spiritual [4152 * pneumatikos] [Strong: from 4151; non-carnal, i.e. (humanly) ethereal (as opposed to gross), or (daemoniacally) a spirit (concretely), or (divinely) supernatural, regenerate, religious:--spiritual.]

f. drink [4188 * poma] [Strong: rom the alternate of 4095; a beverage:--drink.]

2. “…for they drank of that spiritual Rock that followed them…”

a. for [1063 * gar] [Strong: a primary particle; properly, assigning a reason (used in argument, explanation or intensification; often with other particles):--and, as, because (that), but, even, for, indeed, no doubt, seeing, then, therefore, verily, what, why, yet.

b. they drank [4095 * pino] [Strong: a prolonged form of pio pee'-o, which (together with another form) poo po'-o occurs only as an alternate in certain tenses; to imbibe (literally or figuratively):--drink.]

c. of [1537 * ek] [Strong: a primary preposition denoting origin (the point whence action or motion proceeds), from, out (of place, time, or cause; literal or figurative; direct or remote):--after, among, X are, at, betwixt(-yond), by (the means of), exceedingly, (+ abundantly above), for(- th), from (among, forth, up), + grudgingly, + heartily, X heavenly, X hereby, + very highly, in, ...ly, (because, by reason) of, off (from), on, out among (from, of), over, since, X thenceforth, through, X unto, X vehemently, with(-out). Often used in composition, with the same general import; often of completion.]

d. spiritual [4152 * pneumatikos] [Strong: from 4151; non-carnal, i.e. (humanly) ethereal (as opposed to gross), or (daemoniacally) a spirit (concretely), or (divinely) supernatural, regenerate, religious:--spiritual.]

e. Rock [4073 * petra] [Strong: feminine of the same as 4074; a (mass of) rock (literally or figuratively):--rock.]

f. that followed them [190 * akoloutheo] [Strong: from 1 (as a particle of union) and keleuthos (a road); properly, to be in the same way with, i.e. to accompany (specially, as a disciple):--follow, reach.]

1). This is an example where under the direction of the Holy Ghost, Paul included a Jewish tradition into the inspired canon of Scripture. Which means the Jewish tradition regarding this incident was inspired.

a). Jewish New Testament Commentary, David H.  Stearn, Jewish New Testament publications, Inc. p. 469.  “According to the Aggadah [the legendary and midrashic material woven bout the Tanakh], the Children of Israel were accompanied in the desert by a rolling stone that poured forth water.” (Avraham Chill, The Minhagim, New York: Sepher-Hermon Press, Inc., 1979, p.322)

b). THE  CHUMASH; The Torah, Haftaros and Five Megillos with a Commentary Anthologized from the Rabbinic Writings; The Stone Edition, Ninthth Impression of the Eleventh Edition. [Note on Numbers 20:8]. “The rock. The definite article the indicates that this was a known rock. The Sages teach that God had created a rock that He used often as a source of miraculous waters. This was the rock that the angel revealed to Hagar when her son Ishmael was dying of thirst (Genesis 21:19), and from which Moses was commanded to draw water nearly forty years earlier (Exodus 17:6). And that same rock accompanied the people throughout their wanderings, as long as Miriam was alive. After her death, it ceased to yield water and was hidden (Ramban).”

2. “…and that Rock was Christ.”

a. and [1161 * de] [Strong: a primary particle (adversative or continuative); but, and, etc.:--also, and, but, moreover, now (often unexpressed in English).]

b. that Rock [4073 * petra] [Strong: feminine of the same as 4074; a (mass of) rock (literally or figuratively):--rock.]

c. was [2258 * en] [Strong:  imperfect of 1510; I (thou, etc.) was (wast or were):--+ agree, be, X have (+ charge of), hold, use, was(-t), were.]

d. Christ [5547 * Christos] [Strong: from 5548; anointed, i.e. the Messiah, an epithet of Jesus:--Christ.]

1). There are a few instances where the pre-incarnate Christ is referred to as a rock.

a). Deuteronomy 32:3, 4 Because I will publish the name of the LORD: ascribe ye greatness unto our God.

32:4 He is the Rock, his work is perfect: for all his ways are judgment: a God of truth and without iniquity, just and right is he.

b). 1 Peter 2:6-8 Wherefore also it is contained in Scripture, Behold, I lay in Sion a chief corner stone, elect, precious: and he that believeth on him shall not be confounded.

2:7 Unto you therefore which believe he is precious: but unto them which be disobedient, the stone which the builders disallowed, the same is made the head of the corner,

2:8 And a stone of stumbling, and a rock of offence, even to them which stumble at the word, being disobedient: whereunto also they were appointed.

           2). Peter is quoting from the book of Isaiah.

a). Isaiah 28:16 Therefore thus saith the LORD GOD, Behold, I lay in Zion for a foundation a stone, a tried stone, a precious corner stone, a sure foundation: he that believeth shall not make haste.

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