Luke 23:44

 Luke 23:44

And it was about the sixth hour, and there was a darkness over all the earth until the ninth hour.

a. NASB 1995: It was now about the sixth hour, and darkness fell over the whole land until the ninth hour,   [NASB95 New American Standard Bible. Copyright © 1960, 1962, 1963, 1968, 1971, 1972, 1973, 1975, 1977, 1995, 2020 by The Lockman Foundation; All Rights Reserved]

b. YLT: And it was, as it were, the sixth hour, and darkness came over all the land till the ninth hour,   [The Young's Literal Translation was translated by Robert Young, who believed in a strictly literal translation of God's word. This version of the Bible is in the public domain.]

c. Classic Amplified: It was now about the sixth hour (midday), and darkness enveloped the whole land and earth until the ninth hour (about three o’clock in the afternoon),   [Amplified Bible, Classic Edition (AMPC) Copyright © 1954, 1958, 1962, 1964, 1965, 1987 by The Lockman Foundation]

d. Peshitta Eastern Text:  Now it was about the sixth hour, and darkness fell upon the whole earth, until the ninth hour.   [HOLY BIBLE FROM THE ANCIENT EASTERN TEXT. Copyright  Ⓒ 1933 by A.J. Holmon Co.; copyright  Ⓒ renewed 1968 by A.J. Holmon Co.; All rights reserved. Printed in the United States of America. No part of this book may be used or reproduced in any manner whatsoever without written permission except in the case of brief quotations embodied in critical articles and reviews. HarperCollins Publishers, 195 Broadway, New York, NY 10007.]

e. ESV: It was now about the sixth hour, and there was darkness over the whole land until the ninth hour, [Scripture quotations are from the Holy Bible, English Standard Version, copyright © 2001, 2007, 2011, 2016 by Crossway Bibles, a division of Good News Publishers. Used by permission. All rights reserved."]

f. Unless otherwise stated, all greek and Hebrew definitions are from Blue Letter Bible

1. “And it was about the sixth hour, and there was a darkness over all the earth until the ninth hour.”

a. And [Strong: 1161 dé, deh; a primary particle (adversative or continuative); but, and, etc.:—also, and, but, moreover, now (often unexpressed in English).]

b. [it] was [Strong: 2258 ēn, ane; imperfect of G1510; I (thou, etc.) was (wast or were):—+ agree, be, X have (+ charge of), hold, use, was(-t), were.]

c. about [Strong: 5616 hōseí, ho-si'; from G5613 and G1487; as if:—about, as (it had been, it were), like (as).]

d. [the] sixth [Strong: 1623 héktos, hek'-tos; ordinal from G1803; sixth:—sixth.]

e. hour [Strong: 5610 hṓra, ho'-rah; apparently a primary word; an "hour" (literally or figuratively):—day, hour, instant, season, × short, (even-)tide, (high) time.]

f. and [Strong: 2532 kaí, kahee; apparently, a primary particle, having a copulative and sometimes also a cumulative force; and, also, even, so then, too, etc.; often used in connection (or composition) with other particles or small words:—and, also, both, but, even, for, if, or, so, that, then, therefore, when, yet.]

g. [there] was [Strong: 1096 gínomai, ghin'-om-ahee; a prolongation and middle voice form of a primary verb; to cause to be ("gen"-erate), i.e. (reflexively) to become (come into being), used with great latitude (literal, figurative, intensive, etc.):—arise, be assembled, be(-come, -fall, -have self), be brought (to pass), (be) come (to pass), continue, be divided, draw, be ended, fall, be finished, follow, be found, be fulfilled, + God forbid, grow, happen, have, be kept, be made, be married, be ordained to be, partake, pass, be performed, be published, require, seem, be showed, × soon as it was, sound, be taken, be turned, use, wax, will, would, be wrought.]

h. [a] darkness [Strong: 4655 skótos, skot'-os; from the base of G4639; shadiness, i.e. obscurity (literally or figuratively):—darkness.]

i. over [Strong: epí, ep-ee'; a primary preposition; properly, meaning superimposition (of time, place, order, etc.), as a relation of distribution (with the genitive case), i.e. over, upon, etc.; of rest (with the dative case) at, on, etc.; of direction (with the accusative case) towards, upon, etc.:—about (the times), above, after, against, among, as long as (touching), at, beside, × have charge of, (be-, (where-))fore, in (a place, as much as, the time of, -to), (because) of, (up-)on (behalf of), over, (by, for) the space of, through(-out), (un-)to(-ward), with.

j. all [Strong: hólos, hol'-os; a primary word; "whole" or "all", i.e. complete (in extent, amount, time or degree), especially (neuter) as noun or adverb:—all, altogether, every whit, + throughout, whole.]

k. the [Strong: 3588. [tēn] ὁ ho ho, including the feminine he hay, and the neuter to to in all their inflections; the definite article; the (sometimes to be supplied, at others omitted, in English idiom):--the, this, that, one, he, she, it, etc.] [Thayer: [tēn] ὁ, ἡ, τό, originally τος, τῇ, τό (as is evident from the forms τοι, ται for οἱ, αἱ in Homer and the Ionic writings), corresponds to our definite article the (German der, die, das), which is properly a demonstrative pronoun, which we see in its full force in Homer, and of which we find certain indubitable traces also in all kinds of Greek prose, and hence also in the N. T.] [Additional variants: tē, hoi, oi, tēn, ta, tēs, tois, tais, tō, tōn, tou, hé, Hē, hē, hai, tas.]

l. earth [Strong: 1093 gē, ghay; contracted from a primary word; soil; by extension a region, or the solid part or the whole of the terrene globe (including the occupants in each application):—country, earth(-ly), ground, land, world.]

b. until [Strong: 2193 héōs, heh'-oce; of uncertain affinity; a conjunction, preposition and adverb of continuance, until (of time and place):—even (until, unto), (as) far (as), how long, (un-)til(-l), (hither-, un-, up) to, while(-s).]

c. [the] ninth [Strong: 1766 énnatos, en'-nat-os; ordinal from G1767; ninth:—ninth.]

d. hour [Strong: 5610 hṓra, ho'-rah; apparently a primary word; an "hour" (literally or figuratively):—day, hour, instant, season, × short, (even-)tide, (high) time.]

1). The darkness of the sun during the sixth hour and ninth hour (from noon till three), was a divinely orchestrated darkness, carried out by the groaning of creation because of the death of their creator.

2). New American Bible: Luke 23:44 It was now about noon and darkness came over the whole land until three in the afternoon

23:45 Because of an eclipse of the sun. Then the veil of the temple was torn down the middle. [United States Conference of Catholic Bishops 3211 4th Street, N.E., Washington, DC 20017-1194 (202) 541-3000 November 11, 2002 Copyright (c) by United States Conference of Catholic Bishops]

a).The New American Bible is a Catholic Translation. It has the Apocrypha, (uninspired books never accepted by second Temple Judaism, nor Jesus or the Apostles.). Not all translations are equal. 

b). AI Overview: A solar eclipse cannot happen during Passover. Passover is celebrated during a full moon, and solar eclipses occur during a new moon. Because the moon is on the opposite side of the Earth from the sun during a full moon, it cannot block the sun's light, which is necessary for a solar eclipse.

3). Benson Commentary: Luke 23:44-45. About the sixth hour — Answering to twelve o’clock with us; there was darkness, &c. — See on Matthew 27:45. The noon-tide darkness, covering the sun, obscured all the upper hemisphere. And the lower was equally darkened, the moon being in opposition to the sun, and so receiving no light from it. Until the ninth hour — Or three o’clock in the afternoon. And the veil of the temple was rent, &c. — See on Matthew 27:51.

4). Meyer's NT Commentary: Luke 23:44-46. See on Matthew 27:45; Matthew 27:50; Mark 15:33; Mark 15:37 f. According to Luke, the connection of events was as follows: It was already about the sixth hour, when there is darkness over the whole earth till the ninth hour (yet the sun is still visible),—then the sun also vanishes in darkness—the veil is rent Jesus utters His last cry, and dies.]