Psalm 110:1
Before we get into the Psalm 110:1 study there is a personal experience I need to share that goes with this study of Scripture.
On the morning of January 2, 2003 I woke up to go to work after the New Year holiday. As I was going through my usual morning routine, the Lord began to impress upon my spirit about our spiritual authority that we have in Christ. During prayer, the Holy Ghost impressed familiar Scriptures about our authority on me. After prayer, while eating breakfast, the Holy Ghost continued to speak to me, impressing upon me to look at some good teaching books on the authority of the believer. So while I finished breakfast I looked at the verses on authority and the book by Kenneth Hagin, The Authority of the Believer. As I continued getting ready for work I made the decision to study up on the very important subject of our authority in Christ. On the drive to work as I was cutting through Indian Hill something happened. The only way to describe it is something similar to the old TV sets where you had to adjust the vertical knob. My vision became completely wavy in a vertical motion. There was no physical sensation in my body or my head, it was exclusively visual, and even my thoughts were not impeded. In fact I had the presence of mind to slow the car to a stop, fearing I would lose my ability to see. [The following thought process could have been my normal thoughts or could have been the devil injecting these thoughts in my mind in conjunction with this attack to cause me to react in fear.] I realized I was all by myself, there were no cars ahead of me or behind me, and I remember thinking, No one can help me! I began to think of a dear friend of mine, who had a brain aneurism while driving to work, and he died three days later. I thought, this is how he must have felt, all by himself with no one to help. All of a sudden, the Spirit of God rose up in me and I said loudly, “Satan, in the name of Jesus Christ of Nazareth, I rebuke you and I take authority over you and command you, take you’re stinkin hands off me, in Jesus name!” Immediately it began to subside and after about 15-20 seconds, it was over. I think the whole thing only lasted about a minute from beginning to end, but it seemed to last a lot longer. That night I went to the doctor and in the next few weeks went through a series of tests to find out what happened to me. In the end, the tests all came back negative in the sense they did not find anything that could have caused it, and since that morning I have experienced nothing like it.
The bottom line is I believe it was an attack of the enemy, and that God in his grace, mercy and faithfulness to His covenant reminded me beforehand of the authority I have in Christ, so that I would use that authority against the attack that would happen later that morning.
Psalm 110:1
The LORD said unto my Lord, Sit thou at my right hand, until I make thine enemies thy footstool.
a. NLT: The LORD said to my Lord, “Sit in the place of honor at my right hand until I humble your enemies, making them a footstool under your feet.” [Scripture quotations marked (NLT) are taken from the Holy Bible, New Living Translation, copyright © 1996, 2004, 2007. Used by permission of Tyndale House Publishers Inc., Carol Stream, Illinois 60188. All rights reserved.]
1. “The LORD said unto my Lord…”
a. [The] LORD [Strong: 3068 Yhovah yeh-ho-vaw' from 1961; (the) self-Existent or Eternal; Jehovah, Jewish national name of God:--Jehovah, the Lord.]
b. [unto my] Lord [Strongs: 113 'adown aw-done' or (shortened) adon {aw-done'}; from an unused root (meaning to rule); sovereign, i.e. controller (human or divine):-- lord, master, owner.] [Unger’s Bible Dictionary: “Adonai, the plural of Adon,…the Jews, out of a superstitious reverence for the name Jehovah, always, in reading, pronounce Adonai where Jehovah is written.]
1). Dake: One manuscript reads, “Jehovah said unto my Jehovah.” In Psalm 110:5 it reads “The Lord [ʼĂdônây Strong: 136 ʼĂdônây, ad-o-noy'; an emphatic form of H113; the Lord (used as a proper name of God only):—(my) Lord. ] at thy right hand”,
a). Both Hebrew words are used in these two verses. In Psalm 110:1 the Hebrew word 'adown [Strong: 113 is used for Lord, which could refer to human or divine, and Christ is both, Divine: John 1:1, 14; and human 1 Timothy 2:5. And in Psalm 110:5 the Hebrew word for Lord [Strong: 136 'Adonay is used. It is an emphatic form of 113; the Lord (used as a proper name of God only):--(my) Lord.] [Gesenius: used only of God.]
2). Psalm 110:1 is quoted or alluded to 21 times in the New Testament, which makes Psalm 110:1 the most quoted Old Testament verse in the New Testament.
a). Matthew 22:44; 26:64; Mark 12:36; 14:60-64; 16:19; Luke 20:42, 43; 22:66-69; Acts 2:33-36; 5:31; 7:55, 56; Romans 8:34; 1 Corinthians 15:25; Ephesians 1:20; 2:6; Colossians 3:1; Hebrews 1:3; 1:13; 8:1; 10:12, 13; 12:2; 1 Peter 3:22.
b). In Psalm 110:1 we have words spoken between two Persons of the Godhead. The LORD and the pre-Incarnate Christ/LORD.
3). It is clear from the first citation in the New Testament, Matthew 22:41-46 that the Jewish understanding of this verse was that it was referring to the Messiah.
a). Matthew 22:41-45 While the Pharisees were gathered together, Jesus asked them,
22:42 Saying, What think ye of Christ? whose son is he? They say unto him, The Son of David.
22:43 He saith unto them, How then doth David in spirit call him Lord, saying,
22:44 The LORD said unto my Lord, Sit thou on my right hand, till I make thine enemies thy footstool?
22:45 If David then call him Lord, how is he his son?
22:46 And no man was able to answer him a word, neither durst any man from that day forth ask him any more questions.
4). It is clear from another citation in the Gospels that Jesus applied it to himself, declaring that He was not only the Messiah, but also God.
a). Mark 14:60-64 And the high priest stood up in the midst, and asked Jesus, saying, Answerest thou nothing? what is it which these witness against thee?
14:61 But he held his peace, and answered nothing. Again the high priest asked him, and said unto him, Art thou the Christ, the Son of the Blessed?
14:62 And Jesus said, I am: and ye shall see the Son of man sitting on the right hand of power, and coming in the clouds of heaven.
14:63 Then the high priest rent his clothes, and saith, What need we any further witnesses?
14:64 Ye have heard the blasphemy: what think ye? And they all condemned him to be guilty of death.
5). Before we go any further I want to read a passages cited in Paul’s epistles.
a). Colossians 3:1, 2 If ye then be risen with Christ, seek those things which are above, where Christ sitteth on the right hand of God.
3:2 Set your affection on things above, not on things on the earth.
b). The Holy Ghost through the Apostle Paul exhorts us to set our minds on those things at the right hand of God. The Lord wants us to know our authority and to use it to enforce the Covenant.
6). The reason Psalm 110:1 is the most quoted Old Testament verse in the New Testament is because the sitting down of Christ at the right hand of God after the resurrection is the most pivotal moment in the establishment of the New Covenant.
a). Jesus said in John 16:7 Nevertheless I tell you the truth; It is expedient for you that I go away: for if I go not away, the Comforter will not come unto you; but if I depart, I will send him unto you.
7). The baptism of the Holy Ghost with the evidence of speaking with other tongues was poured out only after Jesus sat down at the right hand of God.
a). Acts 2:33 Therefore being by the right hand of God exalted, and having received of the Father the promise of the Holy Ghost, he hath shed forth this, which ye now see and hear.
(1) What did they see and hear? They saw & heard them speak in tongues.
8). Without the giving of the Holy Ghost, the enforcement of the New Covenant, beginning with the new birth would have been impossible. It is the Holy Ghost that recreates the human spirit when a person becomes born again.
a). Titus 3:5 Not by works of righteousness which we have done, but according to his mercy he saved us, by the washing of regeneration, and renewing of the Holy Ghost;
b). 2 Corinthians 5:17 Therefore if any man be in Christ he is a new creature: old things are passed away; behold, all things are become new.
9). Secondly, it is the Holy Ghost that does the miracles and signs and wonders.
a). Hebrews 2:4 God also bearing them witness, both with signs and wonders, and with divers miracles, and gifts of the Holy Ghost, according to his own will?
b). Mark 16:19, 20 So then after the Lord had spoken unto them, he was received up into heaven, and sat on the right hand of God.
16:20 And they went forth, and preached every where, the Lord working with them, and confirming the word with signs following. Amen.
10). This is why it was of the utmost importance that the disciples were told by Jesus to wait at Jerusalem until they were endued with power from on high.
a). Acts 1:4-8 And, being assembled together with them, commanded them that they should not depart from Jerusalem, but wait for the promise of the Father, which, saith he, ye have heard of me.
1:5 For John truly baptized with water; but ye shall be baptized with the Holy Ghost not many days hence.
1:6 When they therefore were come together, they asked of him, saying, Lord, wilt thou at this time restore again the kingdom to Israel?
1:7 And he said unto them, It is not for you to know the times or the seasons, which the Father hath put in his own power.
1:8 But ye shall receive power, after that the Holy Ghost is come upon you: and ye shall be witnesses unto me both in Jerusalem, and in all Judaea, and in Samaria, and unto the uttermost part of the earth.
2. “…Sit thou at my right hand, until I make thine enemies thy footstool.”
a. Jesus is sitting next to the Father waiting and expecting his enemies to be made his footstool.
1). Hebrews 10:12, 13 But this man, after he had offered one sacrifice for sins for ever, sat down on the right hand of God;
10:13 From henceforth expecting till his enemies be made his footstool.
2). Hebrews 10:13 (NRSV) And since then has been waiting until his enemies would be made a footstool for his feet.
b. The Father promised Jesus He would make Jesus’s enemies His footstool. How would He accomplished it? Notice the progression in this passage.
1). Mark 16:15-20 And he said unto them, Go ye into all the world, and preach the gospel to every creature.
16:16 He that believeth and is baptized shall be saved; but he that believeth not shall be damned.
16:17 And these signs shall follow them that believe; In my name shall they cast out devils; they shall speak with new tongues;
16:18 They shall take up serpents; and if they drink any deadly thing, it shall not hurt them; they shall lay hands on the sick, and they shall recover.
16:19 So then after the Lord had spoken unto them, he was received up into heaven, and sat on the right hand of God.
16:20 And they went forth, and preached every where, the Lord working with them, and confirming the word with signs following. Amen.
2). In between Mark 16:19 and Mark 16:20 there is a 10 day period. In the 19th verse Jesus sits down on the right hand of the Father. Ten days later the Holy Ghost comes and fills the disciples and the New Covenant goes forth in the power of the Holy Ghost.
a). Jesus was on the earth 40 after he rose from the dead (Acts 1:3). The Holy Ghost poured out day of Pentecost (Acts 2:1), 50 days.
3). We are positionally seated in heavenly places. The image of us seated in heavenly places in Christ is not, God the Father, then God the Son Jesus and then a whole bunch of chairs where we sit. That is not it. It’s God the Father and next to Him, God the Son Jesus and we are IN Christ. That’s it! When God the Father spoke those words to Christ Jesus He was speaking them to us also. We were quickened with him, raised with him and seated with Him.
a). Ephesians 2:4-6 But God, who is rich in mercy, for his great love wherewith he loved us,
2:5 Even when we were dead in sins, hath quickened us together, and made us sit together with Christ, (by grace ye are saved;)
2:6 And hath raised us up together, and made us sit together, in heavenly places in Christ Jesus:
4). The Apostle Paul prayed for the church to get a revelation of the authority that was given to us when Christ was raised from the dead and was seated at the right hand of God.
a). Ephesians 1:15-23 Wherefore I also, after I heard of your faith in the Lord Jesus, and your love unto all the saints,
1:16 Cease not to give thanks for you, making mention of you in my prayers;
1:17 That the God of our Lord Jesus Christ, the Father of glory, may give unto you the spirit of wisdom and revelation in the knowledge of him:
1:18 The eyes of your understanding being enlightened; that ye may know what is the hope of his calling, and what the riches of the glory of his inheritance in the saints,
1:19 And what is the exceeding greatness of his power to usward who believe, according to the working of his mighty power,
1:20 Which he wrought in Christ, when he raised him from the dead, and set him at his own right hand in the heavenly places,
1:21 Far above all principality, and power, and might, and dominion, and every name that is named, not only in this world, but also in that which is to come:
1:22 And hath put all things under his feet, and gave him to be the head over all things to the church,
1:23 Which is his body, the fullness of him that filleth all in all.
5). The authority given to the church is exceedingly great! It is far above all principality, and power, and might, and dominion, and every name that is named! All things are put under his feet. When the Father spoke the words to the Son; “Sit thou at my right hand until I make thine enemies thy footstool!” He was speaking them to us also. Look at the authority in the name of Jesus.
a). John 14:12-14 Verily, verily, I say unto you, He that believeth on me, the works that I do shall he do also; and greater works than these shall he do; because I go unto my Father.
14:13 And whatsoever ye shall ask in my name, that will I do, that the Father may be glorified in the Son.
14:14 If ye shall ask any thing in my name, I will do it.
b). ask [Strong: 154 aiteo ahee-teh'-o of uncertain derivation; to ask (in genitive case):--ask, beg, call for, crave, desire, require.] [Zodhiates: The seeking by the inferior from the superior, to ask call for, to demand.]
6). All of the prayer that we will offer up to God will be that of a inferior to a superior, but because of the authority that we have in Christ, sometimes the “ask” will be a demand, not demanding of God of course, but of the devil.
a). Acts 16:16-18 And it came to pass, as we went to prayer, a certain damsel possessed with a spirit of divination met us, which brought her masters much gain by soothsaying:
16:17 The same followed Paul and us, and cried, saying, These men are the servants of the most high God, which shew unto us the way of salvation.
16:18 And this did she many days. But Paul, being grieved, turned and said to the spirit, I command thee in the name of Jesus Christ to come out of her. And he came out the same hour.
7). Notice also Paul’s faith filled behavior he exhibited later in the Book of Acts.
a). Acts 28:1-6 And when they were escaped, then they knew that the island was called Melita.
28:2 And the barbarous people shewed us no little kindness: for they kindled a fire, and received us every one, because of the present rain, and because of the cold.
28:3 And when Paul had gathered a bundle of sticks, and laid them on the fire, there came a viper out of the heat, and fastened on his hand.
28:4 And when the barbarians saw the venomous beast hang on his hand, they said among themselves, No doubt this man is a murderer, whom, though he hath escaped the sea, yet vengeance suffereth not to live.
28:5 And he shook off the beast into the fire, and felt no harm.
28:6 Howbeit they looked when he should have swollen, or fallen down dead suddenly: but after they had looked a great while, and saw no harm come to him, they changed their minds, and said that he was a god.
8). We should be shaking off attacks of the enemy just like this, temptations, symptoms, fiery darts of the enemy.
a). Ephesians 6:16 Above all, taking the shield of faith, wherewith ye shall be able to quench all the fiery darts of the wicked.
9). As we saw previously we are IN Christ. We are his body, to the extent we are his flesh and bones.
a). Ephesians 5:30 For we are members of his body, of his flesh, and of his bones.
10). Let’s look at this from other Scripture.
a). Matthew 12:42 The queen of the south shall rise up in the judgment with this generation, and shall condemn it: for she came from the uttermost parts of the earth to hear the wisdom of Solomon; and, behold, a greater than Solomon is here.
b).There is no question that Jesus, when he said, “a greater than Jonas is here”, was referring to himself in this passage. But more is being said here than meets the eye. Jesus said of John the Baptist that he was more than a prophet, indeed the greatest born of woman.
(1). Matthew 11:7-11 And as they departed, Jesus began to say unto the multitudes concerning John, What went ye out in the wilderness to see? A reed shaken with the wind?
11:8 But what went ye out for to see? A man clothed in soft raiment? Behold, they that wear soft clothing are in kings’ houses.
11:9 But what went ye out for to see? A prophet? Yea, I say unto you, and more than a prophet.
11:10 For this is he, of whom it is written, Behold, I send my messenger before thy face, which shall prepare thy way before thee.
11:11 Verily I say unto you, among them that are born of women there hath not risen a greater than John the Baptist: notwithstanding he that is least in the kingdom of heaven is greater than he.
c). Jesus was saying that John was not only the greatest prophet but also the greatest born of a woman. Why? Because he was the forerunner of the Messiah! His position, his calling of being the forerunner of the Messiah placed him in the position of being the greatest Old Testament prophet, the greatest born of a woman; but Jesus does not stop there; he goes on to say “…that he that is least in the kingdom of heaven is greater than he.”
(1). Jesus is saying that the least of those in the kingdom of heaven, the New Testament age is greater than John. If he that is least in the kingdom of heaven is greater than the greatest prophet, the greatest born of woman, where are we at? Most New Testament believers do not realize the greatness of their ministry. They go through life believing they are just sinners saved by grace. Such belief is a slap in the face of God. Yes it is true that no one has reached sinless perfection on this earth, but as we grow in Christ we should sin less and less. Positionly in Christ we are greater than the greatest Old Testament prophet. Yes, a greater than Jonas is here, in the New Testament believer.
(2). Colossians 1:26, 27 Even the mystery which hath been hid from ages and from generations, but now is made manifest to his saints:
1:27 To whom God would make known what is the riches of the glory of this mystery among the Gentiles; which is Christ in you, the hope of glory.
(3). Ephesians 5:30 For we are members of his body, and of his bones.
(4) When we are living our lives to the glory of God, and being transformed into his image…a greater than Jonas is here! Jesus is seated next to the Father and waiting for us to grow up in Him and use the authority that he has given us and he is expecting us, using that authority to make his enemies his footstool. Saints, it is God’s will for us to see and experience the exceedingly great authority that He has given us. As Ephesians 1 declares, it is “far above all principality and power” and He expects us to use it. Study in the Bible what it says about this authority, meditate on it, let the word of His grace build you up spiritually, giving you revelation and grace for you to begin walking in what God has provided to us through Jesus Christ. Stop thinking of yourself as an unworthy worm. This New Covenant places us in a position far superior to that of Old Covenant saints, not from anything we have done but what He has done for us in Christ. Because Christ Jesus is in you, when you walk into a room, a greater than Jonas is here, a greater than John the Baptist is here!
Psalm 110:2
The LORD shall send the rod of thy strength out of Zion: rule thou in the midst of thine enemies.
1. “The LORD shall send the rod of thy strength out of Zion…”
a. The “rod of thy strength” is referring to his authority sent out of Zion, for the New Covenant saints. This authority is not to be confused with the authority or “power over the nations” that will be given to those in Revelation 2:26, whom Jesus deems faithful, that authority is referred to as “a rod of iron”. The rod of thy [Jesus’] strength is the authority Jesus spoke of in Matthew 28:18-20 and Mark 16:15-18 and the Apostle Paul wrote of through out the New Testament.
b. Zion here refers to the heavenly Jerusalem, and to the authority given to the Body of Christ.
1). Hebrews 12:22 But ye are come unto mount Sion, and unto the city of the living God, the heavenly Jerusalem, and to an innumerable company of angels,
2). Matthew 28:18-20 And Jesus came and spake unto them, saying, All power is given unto me in heaven and in earth.
28:19 Go ye therefore, and teach all nations, baptizing them in the name of the Father, and of the Son, and of the Holy Ghost:
28:20 Teaching them to observe all things whatsoever I have commanded you: and, lo, I am with you always, even unto the end of the world.
3). Mark 16:15-20
c. Now in the New Covenant period we do not rule over nations, we are to pray for and be in subjection to the governments and rulers of the nations (Romans 13:1-5), b ut during the Millennial kingdom after Jesus has come back, some of the rewards given to faithful saints will be power over the nations.
1). Revelation 2:26, 27 And he that overcometh, and keepeth my works unto the end, to him will I give power over the nations:
2:27 And he shall rule them with a rod of iron; as the vessels of a potter shall they be broken to shivers: even as I received of my Father.
2. “…rule thou in the midst of thine enemies.”
a). There are no enemies in heaven. The LORD was speaking to His Son and the flesh and bone body of his son [the Church] positionally seated in Christ next to the Father, but physically is on the earth, and telling them to rule with the authority given to them over their enemies. Our enemies are wicked spirits.
1). Ephesians 6:12 For we wrestle not against flesh and blood, but against principalities, against powers, against the rulers of the darkness of this world, against spiritual wickedness in high places.
2). We have been given authority over all wicked spirits and every name that is named. We are to rule over them.
a). Ephesians 1:15-23 Wherefore I also, after I heard of your faith in the Lord Jesus, and love unto all the saints,
1:16 Cease not to give thanks for you, making mention of you in my prayers;
1:17 That the God of our Lord Jesus Christ, the Father of glory, may give unto you the spirit of wisdom and revelation in the knowledge of him:
1:18 The eyes of your understanding being enlightened; that ye may know what is the hope of his calling, and what the riches of the glory of his inheritance in the saints,
1:19 And what is the exceeding greatness of his power to us-ward who believe, according to the working of his mighty power,
1:20 Which he wrought in Christ, when he raised him from the dead, and set him at his own right hand in the heavenly places,
1:21 Far above all principality, and power, and might, and dominion, and every name that is named, not only in this world, but also in that which is to come:
1:22 And hath put all things under his feet, and gave him to be the head over all things to the church,
1:23 Which is his body, the fulness of him that filleth all in all.
3). We are to rule in our lives over our circumstances, over sin and over our enemies through the grace of God.
a). Romans 5:17 For if by one man's offence death reigned by one; much more they which receive abundance of grace and of the gift of righteousness shall reign in life by one, Jesus Christ.)
b). Roman 5:21 That as sin hath reigned unto death, even so might grace reign through righteousness unto eternal life by Jesus Christ our Lord.
c). Roman 6:12 Let not sin therefore reign in your mortal body, that ye should obey it in the lusts thereof.
d). 1 Corinthians 4:8 Now ye are full, now ye are rich, ye have reigned as kings without us: and I would to God ye did reign, that we also might reign with you.
Psalm 110:3
Thy people shall be willing in the day of thy power, in the beauties of holiness from the womb of the morning: thou hast the dew of thy youth.
a. Amplified Bible Classic: Your people will offer themselves willingly in the day of Your power, in the beauty of holiness and in holy array out of the womb of the morning; to You [will spring forth] Your young men, who are as the dew. [Amplified Bible, Classic Edition (AMPC) Copyright © 1954, 1958, 1962, 1964, 1965, 1987 by The Lockman Foundation]
1. “Thy people shall be willing in the day of thy power…”
a. [shall be] willing [Strong: 5071 ndabah ned-aw-baw'; properly (abstractly) spontaneity, or (adjectively) spontaneous; also (concretely) a spontaneous or (by inference, in plural) abundant gift:--free(-will) offering, freely, plentiful, voluntary(-ily, offering), willing(-ly), offering).]
1). ICR Days of Praise 5/9/2024: The word here is actually the word for “free will offerings.” They will be as priests offering their own lives to Him as freewill offerings when they finally recognize Him as their Messiah/King and eternal High Priest (v. 4). Now, although this prophecy applies specifically to the second coming and the future conversion of Israel, there is a beautiful secondary application used in Scripture for His people right now. “I beseech you therefore, brethren, by the mercies of God, that ye present your bodies a living sacrifice, holy, acceptable unto God, which is your reasonable service” (Romans 12:1). “Seek those things which are above, where Christ sitteth on the right hand of God” (Colossians 3:1). HMM
b. This clearly refers to post resurrection and New Covenant time.
1). Matthew 28:18-20 And Jesus came and spake unto them, saying, All power is given unto me in heaven and in earth.
28:19 Go ye therefore, and teach all nations, baptizing them in the name of the Father, and of the Son, and of the Holy Ghost:
28:20 Teaching them to observe all things whatsoever I have commanded you: and, lo, I am with you always, even unto the end of the world. Amen.
2. “…in the beauties of holiness…”
a. God ascribes a very high value to holiness. To Him it is a decoration, an ornament that is beautiful to Him. It appears to me that His people are not only “willing” in the day of His power, but their lives are decorated with holiness, they are living pure clean holy lives. Their holy lives are beautiful. Perhaps we can glean something from other uses of these words and phrases.
1). Romans 6:19 I speak after the manner of men because of the infirmity of your flesh: for as ye have yielded your members servants to uncleanness and to iniquity unto iniquity; even so now yield your members servants to righteousness unto holiness.
2). Romans 6:22 But now being made free from sin, and become servants to God, ye have your fruit unto holiness, and the end everlasting life.
3). 2 Corinthians 7:1 Having therefore these promises, dearly beloved, let us cleanse ourselves from all filthiness of the flesh and spirit, perfecting holiness in the fear of God.
4). 1 Thessalonians 4:7 For God hath not called us unto uncleanness, but unto holiness.
3. “…from the womb of the morning…”
4. “…thou hast the dew of thy youth.”
a. Just as in the rest of the verse I believe this is speaking of supernatural power, which His people are walking in.
Psalm 110:4
The Lord hath sworn, and will not repent, Thou art a priest for ever after the order of Melchizedek.
a. Amplified Bible Classic: The Lord has sworn and will not revoke or change it: You are a priest forever, after the manner and order of Melchizedek. [Amplified Bible, Classic Edition (AMPC) Copyright © 1954, 1958, 1962, 1964, 1965, 1987 by The Lockman Foundation]
1. “The Lord hath sworn, and will not repent…”
a. Here it is recorded that God swore, Almighty God took an oath, He swore that the Messiah would be a High Priest after the order of Melchizedek. The inspired writer of Hebrews declares that because of this oath, it makes this priesthood higher than the Aaronic priesthood.
a). Hebrews 7:19-22 For the law made nothing perfect, but the bringing in of a better hope did; by the which we draw nigh unto God.
7:20 And inasmuch as not without an oath he was made priest:
7:21 (For those priests were made without an oath; but this with an oath by him that said unto him, The Lord sware and will not repent, Thou art a priest for ever after the order of Melchisedec:)
7:22 By so much was Jesus made a surety of a better testament.
2). Arthur Pink, in his commentary of the Book of Hebrews writes a very powerful paragraph concerning the fact that God swore, taking an oath.
a). Exposition of Hebrews, Arthur Pink, Baker Book House, 1986, p. 341. “The assurance which was given to Abraham was the greatest that Heaven itself could afford: a promise and an oath. We say the greatest, for in v. 16, the Apostle declares that amongst men an “oath” is an end of strife; how much more when the great God Himself takes one! Moreover, observe He sware “by Himself”: He staked Himself; it was as though He had said, I will cease to be God if I do not perform this. The Lord pledged His veracity, declared the event should be as certain as His existence.”
2. “…Thou art a priest for ever after the order of Melchizedek.”
a. This verse is quoted 5 times in the book of Hebrews.
1). Hebrews 5:6; Hebrews 5:10; Hebrews 6:20; Hebrews 7:17; Hebrews 7:21.
2). The treatment of the High Priesthood of Christ covers a lot of material in the book of Hebrews. It begins in Hebrews 4:12 and it is interrupted after Hebrews 5:10, with a strong warning to the Jewish believers. It is again picked up in Hebrews 6:20 and covers the entire 7th chapter of Hebrews. The passage that leads us into the Biblical discussion is found in Hebrews 4.
3). Historically there are some intriguing schools of thought regarding Melchizedek, who he was and where he came from, that we will not touch now. The fact that Psalm 110:4 designates the Messiah King of Psalm 110:1 as the High Priest after the order of Melchizedek, it affirms the context as New Covenant.
Psalm 110:5
The Lord at thy right hand shall strike through kings in the day of his wrath.
1. “The Lord at thy right hand…”
a. [The] Lord [Strong: 136 'Adonay ad-o-noy' am emphatic form of 113; the Lord (used as a proper name of God only):--(my) Lord.] [Gesenius: used only of God.]
1). Exodus 4:10 And Moses said unto the Lord, O my Lord, I am not eloquent, neither heretofore, nor since thou hast spoken unto thy servant: but I am slow of speech, and of a slow tongue.
2). Exodus 15:17 Thou shalt bring them in, and plant them in the mountain of thine inheritance, in the place, O Lord, which thou hast made for thee to dwell in, in the Sanctuary, O Lord, which thy hands have established.
3). Genesis 15:2 And Abram said, Lord GOD, what wilt thou give me, seeing I go childless, and the steward of my house is this Eliezer of Damascus?
4). Genesis 15:8 And he said, Lord GOD, whereby shall I know that I shall inherit it?
b. Both Hebrew words are used in these two verses. In Psalm 110:1 the Hebrew word 'adown [Strong: 113 is used for Lord, which could refer to human or divine, and Christ is both, Divine: John 1:1, 14; and human 1 Timothy 2:5. And in Psalm 110:5 the Hebrew word for Lord [Strong: 136 'Adonay is used. It is an emphatic form of 113; the Lord (used as a proper name of God only):--(my) Lord.] [Gesenius: used only of God.] This is of course Christ Jesus as proven by the notes under Psalm 110:1.
1). Psalm 110:1
b). Jewish Rabbinic understanding at the time of Christ was that this was referring to the Messiah.
c). Matthew 22:41-45
c. Jesus confessed before the Sanhedrin that he was indeed the Christ, the one sitting at the right hand of God.
a). Matthew 26:63, 64
2. “…shall strike through kings in the day of his wrath.”
a. The first four verses of this Messianic Psalm are about his ascension to the right hand of God and his people walking in the authority and power that was given to Him. In verse four we see the Messiah in his High Priestly ministries. Now in Psalm 110:5 the scene switches to His return to earth. The second coming of Christ has been described as a day of slaughter and it will be.
1). And the winepress was trodden without the city, and blood came out of the winepress, even unto the horse bridles, by the space of a thousand and six hundred furlongs.
a). Harper’s Bible Dictionary says a Biblical furlong is 1/10 of a mile, hence 160 miles. The New American Standard Version gives 200 miles as the distance. Saints, that is a lot of blood. It is a river of blood 5 or 6 feet deep and anywhere between 160 and 200 miles long. Though these figures sound incredible, a passage in Zechariah 14:12 encourages me to believe it to be literal. “And this shall be the plague wherewith the LORD will smite all the people that have fought against Jerusalem, their flesh shall consume away while they stand upon their feet, and their eyes shall consume away in their holes, and their tongue shall consume away in their mouth.” The Hebrew word for “consume” is ‘naqaq’ and it means “to melt, to flow, to consume away, to dissolve”. There will be hundreds of millions of soldiers gathered for battle against Jerusalem. The multitude will be so great it appears to stretch from Megiddo almost 60 miles to the north, down to Jerusalem. How much blood would there be if the flesh and blood of all those soldiers melted off their bones?
Psalm 110:6
He shall judge among the heathen, he shall fill the places with the dead bodies; he shall wound the heads over many countries.
1. “He shall judge among the heathen…”
a. It seems this portion of the verse jumps into the period after the second coming, reflected in a number of verses from the Prophets. The wording is almost identical.
1). Isaiah 2:2-4 And it shall come to pass in the last days, that the mountain of the Lord's house shall be established in the top of the mountains, and shall be exalted above the hills; and all nations shall flow unto it.
2:3 And many people shall go and say, Come ye, and let us go up to the mountain of the Lord, to the house of the God of Jacob; and he will teach us of his ways, and we will walk in his paths: for out of Zion shall go forth the law, and the word of the Lord from Jerusalem.
2:4 And he shall judge among the nations, and shall rebuke many people: and they shall beat their swords into plowshares, and their spears into pruninghooks: nation shall not lift up sword against nation, neither shall they learn war any more.
2). Micah 4:1-3
2. “…he shall fill the places with the dead bodies…”
a. Since the two words “the places” are not in the text, it could mean as the New Living Translation reads, “He will punish the nations and fill their lands with corpses…”
1). A verse in Jeremiah matches this thought exactly.
a). Jeremiah 25:33 And the slain of the LORD shall be at that day from one end of the earth even unto the other end of the earth: they shall not be lamented, neither gathered, nor buried; they shall be dung upon the ground.
b. A number of Scriptures make these references.
1). Isaiah 34:1-8 Come near, ye nations, to hear; and hearken, ye people: let the earth hear, and all that is therein; the world, and all things that come forth of it.
34:2 For the indignation of the Lord is upon all nations, and his fury upon all their armies: he hath utterly destroyed them, he hath delivered them to the slaughter.
34:3 Their slain also shall be cast out, and their stink shall come up out of their carcases, and the mountains shall be melted with their blood.
34:4 And all the host of heaven shall be dissolved, and the heavens shall be rolled together as a scroll: and all their host shall fall down, as the leaf falleth off from the vine, and as a falling fig from the fig tree.
34:5 For my sword shall be bathed in heaven: behold, it shall come down upon Idumea, and upon the people of my curse, to judgment.
34:6 The sword of the Lord is filled with blood, it is made fat with fatness, and with the blood of lambs and goats, with the fat of the kidneys of rams: for the Lord hath a sacrifice in Bozrah, and a great slaughter in the land of Idumea.
34:7 And the unicorns shall come down with them, and the bullocks with the bulls; and their land shall be soaked with blood, and their dust made fat with fatness.
34:8 For it is the day of the Lord's vengeance, and the year of recompences for the controversy of Zion.
2). Isaiah 66:16 For by fire and by his sword will the LORD plead with all flesh: and the slain of the LORD shall be many.
3. “…he shall wound the heads over many countries.”
a. Psalm 68:21 But God shall wound the head of his enemies, and the hairy scalp of such an one as goeth on still in his trespasses.
Psalm 110:7
He shall drink of the brook in the way: therefore shall he lift up the head.
1. “He shall drink of the brook in the way…”
2. “…therefore shall he lift up the head.”
a. The phrase “lift up the head” refers in this case to being exalted and after the metaphor of drinking in the victory, exaltation is the next step.
1). Psalm 3:3 But thou, O LORD, art a shield for me; my glory, and the lifter up of mine head.
2). Psalm 27:6 And now shall mine head be lifted up above mine enemies round about me: therefore will I offer in his tabernacle sacrifices of joy; I will sing, yea, I will sing praises unto the LORD.
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