Acts 2:1

Acts 2:1

And when the day of Pentecost was fully come, they were all with one accord in one place.

a. ASV: And when the day of Pentecost was now come, they were all together in one place.

b. YLT: And in the day of the Pentecost being fulfilled, they were all with one accord at the same place,

c.  Amplified Bible Classic: And when the day of Pentecost had fully come, they were all assembled together in one place,

1. “And when the day of Pentecost was fully come…”

a. And [Strong: 2532 kaí, kahee; apparently, a primary particle, having a copulative and sometimes also a cumulative force; and, also, even, so then, too, etc.; often used in connection (or composition) with other particles or small words:—and, also, both, but, even, for, if, or, so, that, then, therefore, when, yet.] [The KJV translates Strong's G2532 in the following manner: and (8,173x), also (514x), even (108x), both (43x), then (20x), so (18x), likewise (13x), not tr. (350x), miscellaneous (31x), vr and (1x).]

b. when [Strong: 1722 en, en; a primary preposition denoting (fixed) position (in place, time or state), and (by implication) instrumentality (medially or constructively), i.e. a relation of rest (intermediate between G1519 and G1537); "in," at, (up-)on, by, etc.:—about, after, against, + almost, × altogether, among, × as, at, before, between, (here-)by (+ all means), for (… sake of), + give self wholly to, (here-)in(-to, -wardly), × mightily, (because) of, (up-)on, (open-)ly, × outwardly, one, × quickly, × shortly, (speedi-)ly, × that, × there(-in, -on), through(-out), (un-)to(-ward), under, when, where(-with), while, with(-in). Often used in compounds, with substantially the same import; rarely with verbs of motion, and then not to indicate direction, except (elliptically) by a separate (and different) preposition.] [The KJV translates Strong's G1722 in the following manner: in (1,902x), by (163x), with (140x), among (117x), at (113x), on (62x), through (39x), miscellaneous (264x).]

c. the [Strong: 3588 [to] ho ho, including the feminine he hay, and the neuter to to in all their inflections; the definite article; the (sometimes to be supplied, at others omitted, in English idiom):--the, this, that, one, he, she, it, etc.] [Thayer: ὁ, ἡ, τό, originally τος, τῇ, τό (as is evident from the forms τοι, ται for οἱ, αἱ in Homer and the Ionic writings), corresponds to our definite article the (German der, die, das), which is properly a demonstrative pronoun, which we see in its full force in Homer, and of which we find certain indubitable traces also in all kinds of Greek prose, and hence also in the N. T.]

d. day [Strong: 2250 hēméra, hay-mer'-ah; feminine (with G5610 implied) of a derivative of ἧμαι hēmai (to sit; akin to the base of G1476) meaning tame, i.e. gentle; day, i.e. (literally) the time space between dawn and dark, or the whole 24 hours (but several days were usually reckoned by the Jews as inclusive of the parts of both extremes); figuratively, a period (always defined more or less clearly by the context):—age, +alway, (mid-)day (by day, (-ly)), + for ever, judgment, (day) time, while, years.] [The KJV translates Strong's G2250 in the following manner: day (355x), daily (with G2596) (15x), time (3x), not translated (2x), miscellaneous (14x).]

e. [of] Pentecost [Strong: 4005 pentēkostḗ, pen-tay-kos-tay'; feminine of the ordinal of G4004; fiftieth (G2250 being implied) from Passover, i.e. the festival of "Pentecost":—Pentecost.]

f. [was] fully come [Strong: 4845 symplēróō, soom-play-ro'-o; from G4862 and G4137; to implenish completely, i.e. (of space) to swamp (a boat), or (of time) to accomplish (passive, be complete):—(fully) come, fill up.]

1). Unger’s Bible Dictionary: This festival is called, * The Feast of Weeks, because it was celebrated seven complete weeks or fifty days after the Passover (Leviticus 23:15, 16).

* The Feast of Harvest, because it concluded the harvest of the later grains. (Exodus 23:16).

* The Day of Firstfruits, because the first loaves made from the new grain was then offered on the altar.

2). In light of this reference it is not a coincidence that Christ Jesus and the Holy Ghost are spoken of linked to the Firstfruits.

a). 1 Corinthians 15:23 But every man in his own order: Christ the firstfruits; afterward they that are Christ's at his coming.

b). Romans 8:23 And not only they, but ourselves also, which have the firstfruits of the Spirit, even we ourselves groan within ourselves, waiting for the adoption, to wit, the redemption of our body.

3). Jewish New Testament Commentary: David Stearn: “Besides it primary agricultural significance Shavu’ot [Pentecost] later came to be understood as commemorating the giving of the Torah to Moshe. The earliest references to this reinterpretation date from the 2nd or 3rd centuries C.E….but Louis Jacobs, using material from Louis Finkelstein’s The Pharisees, theorizes that the “transformation into a historical feast took place before the common era (Encyclopedia Judaica 14:1420-1421). Exodus 19:1 says that the Israelites came to the foot of Mount Sinai “in the third month”; form this and other Biblical data the rabbis deduced that God actually gave the Torah on Shavu’ot [Pentecost]…It is this framework of Jewish thought and custom, in which Shavu’ot [Pentecost] is celebrated as a festival of harvest and Torah, that the events of Acts 2 must be understood. Because it was God’s intention to bring the Jewish New Covenant (Jeremiah 31:30-33 (31-34)) to the Jewish people in a Jewish way, he made maximal use of the Jewish festivals to convey new truths in ways emphasized their connection with old truths (see Matthew 13:52.

2. “…they were all with one accord in one place.”

a. [they] were [Strong: 2248 ēn, ane; imperfect of G1510; I (thou, etc.) was (wast or were):—+ agree, be, X have (+ charge of), hold, use, was(-t), were.] [The KJV translates Strong's G2258 in the following manner: was (267x), were (115x), had been (12x), had (11x), taught (with G1321) (4x), stood (with G2476) (4x), miscellaneous (42x), vr was (1x).]

b. all [Strong: 537 hápas, hap'-as; from G1 (as a particle of union) and G3956; absolutely all or (singular) every one:—all (things), every (one), whole.] [The KJV translates Strong's G537 in the following manner: all (34x), all things (5x), whole (3x), every one (1x), every (1x).]

c. [with] one accord [Strong: 3661 homothymadón, hom-oth-oo-mad-on'; adverb from a compound of the base of G3674 and G2372; unanimously:—with one accord (mind).] [The KJV translates Strong's G3661 in the following manner: with one accord (11x), with one mind (1x).] [Outline of Biblical Usage: A unique Greek word, used 10 of its 12 New Testament occurrences in the Book of Acts, helps us understand the uniqueness of the Christian community. Homothumadon is a compound of two words meaning to "rush along" and "in unison". The image is almost musical; a number of notes are sounded which, while different, harmonize in pitch and tone. As the instruments of a great concert under the direction of a concert master, so the Holy Spirit blends together the lives of members of Christ's church.]

d. in [Strong: 1909 epí, ep-ee'; a primary preposition; properly, meaning superimposition (of time, place, order, etc.), as a relation of distribution (with the genitive case), i.e. over, upon, etc.; of rest (with the dative case) at, on, etc.; of direction (with the accusative case) towards, upon, etc.:—about (the times), above, after, against, among, as long as (touching), at, beside, × have charge of, (be-, (where-))fore, in (a place, as much as, the time of, -to), (because) of, (up-)on (behalf of), over, (by, for) the space of, through(-out), (un-)to(-ward), with.] [ The KJV translates Strong's G1909 in the following manner: on (196x), in (120x), upon (159x), unto (41x), to (41x), miscellaneous (339x).]

e. [Strong: 3588 [to] ho ho, including the feminine he hay, and the neuter to to in all their inflections; the definite article; the (sometimes to be supplied, at others omitted, in English idiom):--the, this, that, one, he, she, it, etc.] [Thayer: ὁ, ἡ, τό, originally τος, τῇ, τό (as is evident from the forms τοι, ται for οἱ, αἱ in Homer and the Ionic writings), corresponds to our definite article the (German der, die, das), which is properly a demonstrative pronoun, which we see in its full force in Homer, and of which we find certain indubitable traces also in all kinds of Greek prose, and hence also in the N. T.]

f. one place [Strong: 846 autós, ow-tos'; from the particle αὖ aû (perhaps akin to the base of G109 through the idea of a baffling wind) (backward); the reflexive pronoun self, used (alone or in the comparative G1438) of the third person , and (with the proper personal pronoun) of the other persons:—her, it(-self), one, the other, (mine) own, said, (self-), the) same, ((him-, my-, thy- )self, (your-)selves, she, that, their(-s), them(-selves), there(-at, - by, -in, -into, -of, -on, -with), they, (these) things, this (man), those, together, very, which.] [The KJV translates Strong's G846 in the following manner: him (1,952x), his (1,084x), their (318x), he (252x), her (242x), they (121x), same (80x), himself (58x), miscellaneous (1,678x).]

1). The Act Of The Apostles: Robert E. Tourville: “These words inform us that it was while the day of Pentecost was in the process…[The Greek wording] would lead one to conclude that while the busy part  (in preparation for the sacrifices of the morning) of this day was taking place, the out-pouring of the Spirit took place.”

2). The Act Of The Apostles: “We are told the place in Jerusalem, but we are not told exactly where. The likely place for the advent of the Spirit is in the upper room. The place is called the house. While it could be argued that annexed buildings of the temple were called houses, it is unlikely that Jesus’ followers would be allowed to occupy one of them. It is more reasonable that the house was an upper room near the temple area.”

3). The Book Of Acts: Stanley M. Horton: We are not told where the place was; but most take it to be the Upper Room which was their headquarters (Acts 1:13). Others, in view of Peter’s statement that it was the third hour of the day (9 a.m.), believe they were in the Temple, probably in the court of the women. We have already seen  the believers were habitually in the Temple at the hour of prayer. One of the porticoes or roofed colonnades on the edge of the court would have provided a good place for them to gather and join in worship. This would help to explain the crowd that gathered after the Spirit was outpoured.”

4). My personal opinion on where they were at leans to them being somewhere in the temple complex. These were observant Jews who loved God and this was one of the main Jewish festivals. I can’t help but believe they were in the temple complex somewhere.