Genesis 25:16

 Genesis 25:16

These are the sons of Ishmael, and these are their names, by their towns, and by their castles; twelve princes according to their nations.

a. ASV: These are the sons of Ishmael, and these are their names, by their villages, and by their encampments; twelve princes according to their nations.  [Thomas Nelson & Sons first published the American Standard Version in 1901. This translation of the Bible is in the public domain.]

b. YLT:These are sons of Ishmael, and these their names, by their villages, and by their towers; twelve princes according to their peoples.  [The Young's Literal Translation was translated by Robert Young, who believed in a strictly literal translation of God's word. This version of the Bible is in the public domain.]

c. Classic Amplified: These are the sons of Ishmael, and these are their names, by their villages and by their encampments (sheepfolds)—twelve princes according to their tribes. [Foretold in Gen. 17:20.]   [Amplified Bible, Classic Edition (AMPC) Copyright © 1954, 1958, 1962, 1964, 1965, 1987 by The Lockman Foundation]

d. Stone Edition THE CHUMASH, Rabbinic Commentary: These are the sons of ishmael, and these are their names, by their open cities and by their strongholds, twelve chieftains for their nations.  [The Artscroll Series/Stone Edition, THE CHUMASH Copyright 1998, 2000 by MESORAH PUBLICATIONS, Ldt.]

e. Torah, Judaism and Jewish information on the web: www.chabad.org; Online English Translation of the Tanakh (Jewish Bible): These are the sons of Ishmael, and these are their names in their open cities and in their walled cities, twelve princes to their nations. [English Translation, Ⓒ Copyright The Judaica Press All rights reserved.]

1. “These are the sons of Ishmael, and these are their names…”

a. These [are] [Strong: 428 'el-leh ale'-leh prolonged from 411; these or those:--an- (the) other; one sort, so, some, such, them, these (same), they, this, those, thus, which, who(-m).]

b. [the] sons [Strong: 1121 ben bane from 1129; a son (as a builder of the family name), in the widest sense (of literal and figurative relationship, including grandson, subject, nation, quality or condition, etc., (like 1, 251, etc.)):--+ afflicted, age, (Ahoh-) (Ammon-) (Hachmon-) (Lev-)ite, (anoint-)ed one, appointed to, (+) arrow, (Assyr-) (Babylon-) (Egypt-) (Grec-)ian, one born, bough, branch, breed, + (young) bullock, + (young) calf, X came up in, child, colt, X common, X corn, daughter, X of first, + firstborn, foal, + very fruitful, + postage, X in, + kid, + lamb, (+) man, meet, + mighty, + nephew, old, (+) people, + rebel, + robber, X servant born, X soldier, son, + spark, + steward, + stranger, X surely, them of, + tumultuous one, + valiant(-est), whelp, worthy, young (one), youth.]

c. [of] Ishmael [Strong: 3458 Yishma`e'l yish-maw-ale' from 8085 and 410; God will hear; Jishmael, the name of Abraham's oldest son, and of five Israelites:--Ishmael.]

d. [and] these [are] [Strong: 428 'el-leh ale'-leh prolonged from 411; these or those:--an- (the) other; one sort, so, some, such, them, these (same), they, this, those, thus, which, who(-m).]

e. [their] names [Strong: 8034 shem shame a primitive word (perhaps rather from 7760 through the idea of definite and conspicuous position; Compare 8064); an appellation, as a mark or memorial of individuality; by implication honor, authority, character:--+ base, (in-)fame(-ous), named(-d), renown, report.]

2. “...by their towns, and by their castles; twelve princes according to their nations.”

a. [by their] towns [Strong: 2691 chatser khaw-tsare' (masculine and feminine); from 2690 in its original sense; a yard (as inclosed by a fence); also a hamlet (as similarly surrounded with walls):--court, tower, village.]

  

b. [and by their] castles [Strong: 2918 tiyrah tee-raw' feminine of (an equivalent to) 2905; a wall; hence, a fortress or a hamlet:--(goodly) castle, habitation, palace, row.]

c. twelve [Strong: 8147 shnayim shen-ah'-yim dual of 8145; feminine shttayim {shet-tah'-yim}; two; also (as ordinal) twofold:--both, couple, double, second, twain, + twelfth, + twelve, + twenty (sixscore) thousand, twice, two.]

d. twelve [Strong: 6240 `asar aw-sawr' for 6235; ten (only in combination), i.e. -teen; also (ordinal) -teenth:--(eigh-, fif-, four-, nine-, seven-, six-, thir-)teen(-th), + eleven(-th), + sixscore thousand, + twelve(-th).]

e. princes [Strong: 5387 nasiy' naw-see' or nasi8 {naw-see'}; from 5375; properly, an exalted one, i.e. a king or sheik; also a rising mist:--captain, chief, cloud, governor, prince, ruler, vapour.]

e. [according to their] nations [Strong: 523 'ummah oom-maw' from the same as 517; a collection, i.e. community of persons:--nation, people.]

1). tone Edition THE CHUMASH, Rabbinic Commentary:  [The Artscroll Series/Stone Edition, THE CHUMASH Copyright 1998, 2000 by MESORAH PUBLICATIONS, Ldt.]: These are the sons of Ishmael. As is customary in Scripture, the subject is closed with a general statement umming up the matter, the closing summary also being used as a means of curtherclarification (Radak); And these are the names by their open cities and by their strongholds [i.e., fortified cities (Radak)]. Whether they took up residence in open cities [denoting, according to R. Hoffmann, the circular encampments of nomadic tribes] or in strongholds, they lived in security and honor. All those bearing these tribal names, regardless of where they lived, were descendants of Ishmael (cf. Radak).