Job 19:25
For I know that my redeemer liveth, and that he shall stand at the
latter day upon the
earth:
a. NLT: “But as
for me, I know that my Redeemer lives, and he will stand upon the earth at
last.
b. NIV: I know
that my redeemer lives, and that in the end he will stand on the earth.
c. Amplified
Bible: For I know that my Redeemer and Vindicator lives, and
at last He [the Last One] will stand upon the earth.
d. Septuagint: For
I know that he is eternal who is about to deliver me
1. “For I know that my redeemer liveth…”
a. redeemer [1350
* ga’al][Strong: a primitive root, to redeem (according to the Oriental law of
kinship), i.e. to be the next of kin (and as such to buy back a relative's
property, marry his widow, etc.):--X in any wise, X at all, avenger, deliver,
(do, perform the part of near, next) kinsfolk(-man), purchase, ransom,
redeem(-er), revenger.][AMG, Complete Old Testament Word Study Dictionary: A
verb meaning to redeem or act as a kinsman-redeemer. The word means to act as a
redeemer for a deceased kinsman; to redeem or buy back from bondage; to redeem
or buy back a kinsman’s possessions; to avenge a kinsman’s murder; to redeem
any object through a payment. Theologically, this word is used to convey God’s
redemption of individuals from spiritual death and His redemption of the nation
of Israel from Egyptian bondage and also from exile.]
b. liveth [2416 * chay][Strong:
alive; hence, raw (flesh); fresh (plant, water, year), strong; also (as noun,
especially in the feminine singular and masculine plural) life (or living
thing), whether literally or figuratively:--+ age, alive, appetite, (wild)
beast, company, congregation, life(-time), live(-ly), living (creature, thing),
maintenance, + merry, multitude, + (be) old, quick, raw, running, springing,
troop.]
c. It is clear who
Job is referring to for this Hebrew word translated “redeemer” is used many
times in referring to God.
1). Isaiah 44:24 Thus
saith the LORD, thy redeemer, and
he that formed thee from the womb, I am the LORD that maketh all things; that stretcheth forth the heavens alone; that spreadeth
abroad the earth by myself;
2). Isaiah 48:17 Thus
saith the LORD, thy Redeemer, the
Holy One of Israel; I am the
LORD thy God which teacheth thee to profit, which leadeth thee by the way that thou shouldest go.
3). Jeremiah 50:34 Their Redeemer is strong; the LORD of hosts is his name: he shall throughly plead their cause, that he
may give rest to the land, and disquiet the inhabitants of Babylon.
d. When Job
was speaking this it was over a thousand years before the incarnation of
Christ. Some scholars believe that Job is the oldest book in the Bible and if
that is the case these words could have been spoken over 1500 years before
Christ.
e. Commentary
1). Adam Clarke
Commentary: For I know that my Redeemer liveth - Any attempt to establish the
true meaning of this passage is almost hopeless. By learned men and eminent
critics the words have been understood very differently; some vehemently
contending that they refer to the resurrection of the body, and the redemption
of the human race by Jesus Christ; while others, with equal vehemence and show
of argument, have contended that they refer only to Job's restoration to
health, family comforts, and general prosperity, after the present trial should
be ended. In defense of these two opinions larger treatises have been written
than the whole book of Job would amount to, if written even in capitals. To
discuss the arguments on either side the nature of this work forbids; but my
own view of the subject will be reasonably expected by the reader. I shall
therefore lay down one principle, without which no mode of interpretation
hitherto offered can have any weight. The principle is this: Job was now under
the especial inspiration of the Holy Spirit, and spoke prophetically. Now,
whether we allow that the passage refers to the general resurrection and the
redemption by Christ, or to Job's restoration to health, happiness, and
prosperity, this principle is equally necessary.
2. “…and that he shall stand at the latter day upon the earth.”
a. stand [6965 * quwm][Strong:
a primitive root; to rise (in various applications, literal, figurative,
intensive and causative):--abide, accomplish, X be clearer, confirm, continue,
decree, X be dim, endure, X enemy, enjoin, get up, make good, help, hold, (help
to) lift up (again), make, X but newly, ordain, perform, pitch, raise (up),
rear (up), remain, (a-)rise (up) (again, against), rouse up, set (up),
(e-)stablish, (make to) stand (up), stir up, strengthen, succeed, (as-, make)
sure(-ly), (be) up(-hold, - rising).]
b. latter [314 * ‘acharown][Strong:
from 309; hinder; generally, late or last; specifically (as facing the
east) western:--after (-ward), to come, following, hind(-er, -ermost, -most),
last, latter, rereward, ut(ter)most.]
1). Albert Barnes
Commentary: At the latter day - The word "day" here is supplied by
the translators. The Hebrew is, יאחרין ye'achăryôn - and after, afterward,
hereafter, at length. The word literally means, hinder, hinder part - opposite
to foremost, former. It is applied to the Mediterranean sea, as being behind
when the eye of the geographer was supposed to be turned to the East; (see the
notes at Job
18:20;) then it means after, later, applied to a generation or age. Psa 48:14, to a
day - to future times - (אחרין יום yôm 'achăryôn), Pro 31:25; Isa 30:8. All
that this word necessarily expresses here is, that at some future period this
would occur. It does not determine when it would be. The language would apply
to any future time, and might refer to file coming of the Redeemer, to the
resurrection, or to some subsequent period in the life of Job. The meaning is,
that however long he was to suffer, however protracted his calamities were, and
were likely to be, be had the utmost confidence that God would at length, or at
some future time, come forth to vindicate him. The phrase, "the latter
day," has now acquired a kind of technical meaning, by which we naturally
refer it to the day of judgment. But there is no evidence that it has any such
reference here.
c. earth [6083 * ‘aphar][Strong:
from 6080; dust (as powdered or gray); hence, clay, earth, mud:--ashes, dust,
earth, ground, morter, powder, rubbish.]
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