Psalm
18:4
The sorrows of death compassed me, and the floods of ungodly
men made me afraid.
a. NLT: The ropes of death
entangled me; floods of destruction swept over me.
b. NIV: The cords of death
entangled me; the torrents of destruction overwhelmed me.
c. Amplified Bible: The cords or bands of death
surrounded me, and the streams of ungodliness and the torrents
of ruin terrified me.
d. Septuagint: The pangs of death
compassed me, and the torrents of ungodliness troubled me exceedingly.
e. Stone Edition
Torah/Writings/Prophets: [In the Jewish translation Psalm 18:4 in our Bibles is
Psalm 18:5 in the Jewish] The pains of death encircled me, and torrents of
godless men would frighten me.
f. Young’s Literal Translation: Compassed me have cords of death, And streams
of the worthless make me afraid.
1. “The sorrows of death compassed me…”
a. sorrows [2256 * chebel][Strong:
from 2254; a rope (as twisted), especially a measuring line; by
implication, a district or inheritance (as measured); or a noose (as of cords);
figuratively, a company (as if tied together); also a throe (especially of
parturition); also ruin:--band, coast, company, cord, country, destruction,
line, lot, pain, pang, portion, region, rope, snare, sorrow, tackling.]
b. death [4194 * maveth][Strong: from 4191;
death (natural or violent); concretely, the dead, their place or state (hades);
figuratively, pestilence, ruin:--(be) dead((-ly)), death, die(-d).]
c. compassed [661 *
‘aphaph][Strong: a primitive root; to surround:--compass.]
d. I believe this passage, Psalm
18:4-6 is a prophetic picture of Jesus in hell before his resurrection. In the
book of Acts we have one of the verses that mentions Jesus going to hell and
the similarity in the Hebrew words for “sorrows” “death” and “compassed” in
Psalm 18:4 and the Greek words for “loosed”, “pains”, “death”, and “holden” is striking.
1). Acts 2:24 Whom
God hath raised up, having loosed the pains of death: because it was not possible
that he should be holden of it.
a). loosed [3089 *
luo][Strong: primary verb; to "loosen" (literally or
figuratively):--break (up), destroy, dissolve, (un-)loose, melt, put off.]
b). pains [5604 *
odin][Strong: a pang or throe, especially of childbirth:--pain, sorrow,
travail.]
c). death [2288 *
thanatos][Strong: from 2348; (properly, an adjective used as a noun) death
(literally or figuratively):--X deadly, (be...) death.]
d). holden [2902 *
krateo][Strong: from 2904; to use strength, i.e. seize or retain (literally or
figuratively):--hold (by, fast), keep, lay hand (hold) on, obtain, retain, take
(by).][Thayer: to have power, be powerful, to be chief, be master of, to rule, to
get possession of, to become master of, to obtain, to take hold of, to take
hold of, take, seize, to lay hands on one in order to get him into one's power,
to hold, to hold in the hand, to hold fast, i.e. not discard or let go, to keep
carefully and faithfully, to continue to hold, to retain, of death continuing
to hold one, to hold in check, restrain.]
2. “…and the floods
of ungodly men made me afraid.”
a. floods [5158 * nachal][Strong: from 5157 in
its original sense; a stream, especially a winter torrent; (by implication) a
(narrow) valley (in which a brook runs); also a shaft (of a mine):--brook,
flood, river, stream, valley.][AMG Complete Old Testament Word Study Dictionary:
A masculine noun indicating a wadi, a stream, a torrent; in Psalm 18:4 a
torrent of asphalt, describing Topheth.]
b. ungodly [1100 *
beliya’al][Strong: without profit,
worthlessness; by extension, destruction, wickedness (often in connection with
376, 802, 1121, etc.):--Belial, evil, naughty, ungodly (men), wicked.]
1). Unger’s Bible Dictionary: page
131, 132: worthlessness, wickedness. Belial is often used in the A.V. as if it
were a proper name, but beyond question it should not be regarded in the Old
Testament as such; its meaning being worthlessness, and hence recklessness,
lawlessness. The expression “son” or “man of Belial” must be understood as
meaning simply a worthless, lawless fellow. In the New Testament the term
appears…in the form Belias, and not Belial, as given in the A.V.. The term, as
used in 2 Corinthians 6:15, is generally understood as applied to Satan, as the
personification of all that is bad.
2). AMG Complete Old Testament Word
Study Dictionary: A masculine noun of unknown origin meaning worthlessness.
Often a strong moral component in the context suggests the state of being good
for nothing and therefore expresses the concept of wickedness…This word was not
treated as a proper name by the Septuagint translators of the Old Testament,
but it does appear in its Greek form as a name for the devil in the Dead Sea
scrools and in the New Testament.
a). 2 Corinthians 6:15 And what concord hath Christ with Belial? or
what part hath he that believeth with an infidel?
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