Deuteronomy 21:22

Deuteronomy 21:22

And if a man have committed a sin worthy of death, and he be to be put to death, and thou hang him on a tree:

a. ASV: And if a man have committed a sin worthy of death, and he be put to death, and thou hang him on a tree;

b. YLT: 'And when there is in a man a sin -- a cause of death, and he hath been put to death, and thou hast hanged him on a tree,

c. Amplified Bible Classic: And if a man has committed a sin worthy of death and he is put to death and [afterward] you hang him on a tree,

d. Septuagint: And if there be sin in any one, [and] the judgment of death [be upon him], and he be put to death, and ye hang him on a tree:

e. Stone Edition Torah/Prophets/Writings: If a man have committed a sin whose judgment is death, he shall be put to death, and you shall hang him on a gallows.

1. “And if a man have committed a sin worthy of death…”

a. [And] if [Strong: 3588 kiy kee a primitive particle (the full form of the prepositional prefix) indicating causal relations of all kinds, antecedent or consequent; (by implication) very widely used as a relative conjunction or adverb (as below); often largely modified by other particles annexed:--and, + (forasmuch, inasmuch, where-)as, assured(-ly), + but, certainly, doubtless, + else, even, + except, for, how, (because, in, so, than) that, + nevertheless, now, rightly, seeing, since, surely, then, therefore, + (al- )though, + till, truly, + until, when, whether, while, whom, yea, yet.]

b. [a] man Strong: 376 ʼîysh, eesh; contracted for H582 (or perhaps rather from an unused root meaning to be extant); a man as an individual or a male person; often used as an adjunct to a more definite term (and in such cases frequently not expressed in translation):—also, another, any (man), a certain, champion, consent, each, every (one), fellow, (foot-, husband-) man, (good-, great, mighty) man, he, high (degree), him (that is), husband, man(-kind), none, one, people, person, steward, what (man) soever, whoso(-ever), worthy.]

c. [have] committed [Strong: 1961 hayah haw-yaw a primitive root (Compare 1933); to exist, i.e. be or become, come to pass (always emphatic, and not a mere copula or auxiliary):--beacon, X altogether, be(-come), accomplished, committed, like), break, cause, come (to pass), do, faint, fall, + follow, happen, X have, last, pertain, quit (one-)self, require, X use.]

d. [a] sin [Strong: 2399 chêṭᵉʼ, khate; from H2398; a crime or its penalty:—fault, × grievously, offence, (punishment of) sin.]

e. worthy [Strong: 4941 mishpâṭ, mish-pawt'; from H8199; properly, a verdict (favorable or unfavorable) pronounced judicially, especially a sentence or formal decree (human or (participant's) divine law, individual or collective), including the act, the place, the suit, the crime, and the penalty; abstractly, justice, including a participant's right or privilege (statutory or customary), or even a style:— adversary, ceremony, charge, ×crime, custom, desert, determination, discretion, disposing, due, fashion, form, to be judged, judgment, just(-ice, -ly), (manner of) law(-ful), manner, measure, (due) order, ordinance, right, sentence, usest, × worthy, wrong.]

f. [of] death [Strong: 4194 mâveth, maw'-veth; from H4191; death (natural or violent); concretely, the dead, their place or state (hades); figuratively, pestilence, ruin:—(be) dead(-ly), death, die(-d).]

2. “...and he be to be put to death, and thou hang him on a tree:”

a. [and he be put to] death [Strong: 4191 mûwth, mooth; a primitive root; to die (literally or figuratively); causatively, to kill:—× at all, × crying, (be) dead (body, man, one), (put to, worthy of) death, destroy(-er), (cause to, be like to, must) die, kill, necro(-mancer), × must needs, slay, × surely, × very suddenly, × in (no) wise.]

b. [and thou] hang [Strong: 8518 tâlâh, taw-law'; a primitive root; to suspend (especially to gibbet):—hang (up).]

c. him [Strong: 853 'eth ayth apparent contracted from 226 in the demonstrative sense of entity; properly, self (but generally used to point out more definitely the object of a verb or preposition, even or namely):--(as such unrepresented in English).]

d. on [Strong: 5921 `al al properly, the same as 5920 used as a preposition (in the singular or plural often with prefix, or as conjunction with a particle following); above, over, upon, or against (yet always in this last relation with a downward aspect) in a great variety of applications (as follow):--above, according to(-ly), after, (as) against, among, and, X as, at, because of, beside (the rest of), between, beyond the time, X both and, by (reason of), X had the charge of, concerning for, in (that), (forth, out) of, (from) (off), (up-)on, over, than, through(-out), to, touching, X with.]

e. [a] tree [Strong: 6086 ʻêts, ates; from H6095; a tree (from its firmness); hence, wood (plural sticks):— carpenter, gallows, helve, pine, plank, staff, stalk, stick, stock, timber, tree, wood.]

1).  It is the very law cited by Paul when he described Jesus becoming a curse for us so that the blessing of Abraham would come upon the Gentiles because of their faith in Christ sacrifice and resurrection.

a). Galatians 3:13, 14 Christ hath redeemed us from the curse of the law, being made a curse for us: for it is written, Cursed is every one that hangeth on a tree:

3:14 That the blessing of Abraham might come on the Gentiles through Jesus Christ; that we might receive the promise of the Spirit through faith.

2). The curse of the law includes everything written in the law concerning violations.

a). Deuteronomy 28:15-68.

3). The Jewish mindset surrounding this passage was a stumbling block for the Jews hindering them from accepting Christ as the Messiah. A crucified Christ was a stumblingblock to the Jews because under Jewish law any one who was put to death being hung on a tree was cursed of God.

a). Deuteronomy 21:22, 23 And if a man have committed a sin worthy of death, and he be to be put to death, and thou shalt hang him on a tree:

21:23 His body shall not remain all night upon the tree, but thou shalt in any wise bury him that day; (for he that is hanged is accursed of God;) that thy land be not defiled, which the LORD thy God giveth thee for an inheritance.

b). 1 Corinthians 1:23 But we preach Christ crucified, unto the Jews a stumblingblock, and unto the Greeks foolishness.

c). a stumblingblock [4625 * skandalon][Strong: ("scandal;" probably from a derivative of [kamptw] - kampto 2578; a trap-stick (bent sapling), i.e. snare (figuratively, cause of displeasure or sin):--occasion to fall (of stumbling), offence, thing that offends, stumblingblock.][Thayer: the movable stick or trigger of a trap, a trap stick, a trap, snare, any impediment placed in the way and causing one to stumble or fall, (a stumbling block, occasion of stumbling) i.e. a rock which is a cause of stumbling, fig. applied to Jesus Christ, whose person and career were so contrary to the expectations of the Jews concerning the Messiah, that they rejected him and by their obstinacy made shipwreck of their salvation, any person or thing by which one is (entrapped) drawn into error or sin.]

4). In his book Isaiah 53 Explained, Messianic Jewish scholar Mitch Glaser writes: “Many jewish people, even those who are religious, are unfamiliar with Isaiah chapter 53 because isaiah 53 is not included in the weekly Haftarah portions read in the synagogue. I would not suggest that omitting this chapter from the weekly Haftarah portion was an intentional act of conspiracy, yet it is somewhat mysterious as to why the cyclical synagogue readings go from Isaiah chapter 52 to chapter 54. We are all free to make up our own minds about the reason why our sages chose to skip over the 53rd chapter.”

5). In the Jewish mindset there is no way the Messiah could have been crucified and cursed and still be the Messiah. Isaiah says it beautifully from a standpoint of them as a nation realizing that Christ was the Messiah.

a). Isaiah 53:4, 5 Surely he hath borne our griefs, and carried our sorrows: yet we did esteem him smitten of God and afflicted.

53:4 But he was wounded for our transgressions, he was bruised for our iniquities: the chastisement of our peace was upon him; and with his stripes we are healed.

b). Isaiah 53:4, 5 [Amplified Bible] Surely He has borne our griefs (sicknesses, weaknesses, and distresses) and carried our sorrows and pains [of punishment], yet we [ignorantly] considered Him stricken, smitten, and afflicted by God [as if with leprosy].

53:4 But He was wounded for our transgressions, He was bruised for our guilt and iniquities; the chastisement [needful to obtain] peace and well-being for us was upon Him, and with the stripes [that wounded] Him we are healed and made whole.