Genesis 36:21

 Genesis 36:21

And Dishon, and Ezer, and Dishan: these are the dukes of the Horites, the children of Seir in the land of Edom.

a. ASV: And Dishon and Ezer and Dishan: these are the chiefs that came of the Horites, the children of Seir in the land of Edom.  [Thomas Nelson & Sons first published the American Standard Version in 1901. This translation of the Bible is in the public domain.]

b. YLT: And Dishon, and Ezer, and Dishan; these are chiefs of the Horites, sons of Seir, in the land of Edom.  [The Young's Literal Translation was translated by Robert Young, who believed in a strictly literal translation of God's word. This version of the Bible is in the public domain.]

c. Classic Amplified:  Dishon, Ezer, and Dishan. These are the chiefs of the Horites, the sons of Seir in the land of Edom. [Amplified Bible, Classic Edition (AMPC) Copyright © 1954, 1958, 1962, 1964, 1965, 1987 by The Lockman Foundation]

d. NLT: Dishon, Ezer, and Dishan. These were the Horite clan leaders, the descendants of Seir, who lived in the land of Edom. [Scripture quotations marked (NLT) are taken from the Holy Bible, New Living Translation, copyright © 1996, 2004, 2007. Used by permission of Tyndale House Publishers Inc., Carol Stream, Illinois 60188. All rights reserved.]

e. Stone Edition THE CHUMASH, Rabbinic Commentary: And Dishon and Ezer and Dishan, these are the chiefs of the Horite, the descendants of Seir in the land of Edom.  [The Artscroll Series/Stone Edition, THE CHUMASH Copyright 1998, 2000 by MESORAH PUBLICATIONS, Ldt.]

1. “And Dishon, and Ezer, and Dishan: these are the dukes of the Horites, the children of Seir in the land of Edom.”

a. [And] Dishon [Strong: 1787 Dîyshôwn, dee-shone'; Diyshon, the same as H1788; Dishon, the name of two Edomites:—Dishon.]

b. [and] Ezer [Strong: 687 ʼEtser, ay'-tser; from H686; treasure; Etser, an Idumaean:—Ezer.]

c. [and] Dishan [Strong: 1789 Dîyshân, dee-shawn'; another form of H1787 Dishan, an Edomite:—Dishan, Dishon.] 

d. these [are] [Strong: 428 ʼêl-leh, ale'-leh; prolonged from H411; these or those:—an-(the) other; one sort, so, some, such, them, these (same), they, this, those, thus, which, who(-m).]

e. [the] dukes [Strong: 441 ʼallûwph, al-loof'; or (shortened) אַלֻּף ʼalluph; from H502; familiar; a friend, also gentle; hence, a bullock (as being tame; applied, although masculine, to a cow); and so, a chieftain (as notable, like neat cattle):—captain, duke, (chief) friend, governor, guide, ox.]

f. [of the] Horites [Strong: Chôrîy, kho-ree'; from H2356; cave-dweller or troglodyte; a Chorite or aboriginal Idumaean:—Horims, Horites.]

g. [the] children [Strong: 1121 bên, bane; from H1129; a son (as a builder of the family name), in the widest sense (of literal and figurative relationship, including grandson, subject, nation, quality or condition, etc., (like father or brother), etc.):—afflicted, age, (Ahoh-) (Ammon-) (Hachmon-) (Lev-) ite, (anoint-) ed one, appointed to, (+) arrow, (Assyr-) (Babylon-) (Egypt-) (Grec-) ian, one born, bough, branch, breed, + (young) bullock, + (young) calf, × came up in, child, colt, × common, × corn, daughter, × of first, firstborn, foal, + very fruitful, + postage, × in, + kid, + lamb, (+) man, meet, + mighty, + nephew, old, (+) people, rebel, + robber, × servant born, × soldier, son, + spark, steward, + stranger, × surely, them of, + tumultuous one, valiant(-est), whelp, worthy, young (one), youth.]

h. [of] Seir [Strong: 8165 Sêʻîyr, say-eer'; formed like H8163; rough; Seir, a mountain of Idumaea and its aboriginal occupants, also one in Palestine:—Seir.]

i. [in the] land [Strong: 776  ʼerets, eh'-rets; from an unused root probably meaning to be firm; the earth (at large, or partitively a land):—× common, country, earth, field, ground, land, × natins, way, + wilderness, world.]

j. [of] Edom [Strong: 123 ʼĔdôm, ed-ome'; or (fully) אֱדוֹם ʼĔdôwm ; from H122; red (see Genesis 25:25); Edom, the elder twin-brother of Jacob; hence the region (Idumaea) occupied by him:—Edom, Edomites, Idumea.]

1). In Deuteronomy the LORD gave Moses a list of giant races who were destroyed by the races who succeeded them. The Ammonites wiped out the Zamzummims, Esau and his descendants wiped out the Horites. And the Caphtorims (Philistines) wiped out the Avims. These were all races of giants.

a). Deuteronomy 2:9-12 And the Lord said unto me, Distress not the Moabites, neither contend with them in battle: for I will not give thee of their land for a possession; because I have given Ar unto the children of Lot for a possession.

2:10 The Emims dwelt therein in times past, a people great, and many, and tall, as the Anakims;

2:11 Which also were accounted giants, as the Anakims; but the Moabites called them Emims.

2:12 The Horims also dwelt in Seir beforetime; but the children of Esau succeeded them, when they had destroyed them from before them, and dwelt in their stead; as Israel did unto the land of his possession, which the Lord gave unto them.

b). Deuteronomy 2:19-23 And when thou comest nigh over against the children of Ammon, distress them not, nor meddle with them: for I will not give thee of the land of the children of Ammon any possession; because I have given it unto the children of Lot for a possession.

2:20 (That also was accounted a land of giants: giants dwelt therein in old time; and the Ammonites call them Zamzummims;

2:21 A people great, and many, and tall, as the Anakims; but the Lord destroyed them before them; and they succeeded them, and dwelt in their stead:

2:22 As he did to the children of Esau, which dwelt in Seir, when he destroyed the Horims from before them; and they succeeded them, and dwelt in their stead even unto this day:

2:23 And the Avims which dwelt in Hazerim, even unto Azzah, the Caphtorims, which came forth out of Caphtor, destroyed them, and dwelt in their stead.)

2). Though the Horites were succeeded by Esau and his descendants, they were probably severely weakened by the invasion of the Mesopotamian kings, in Genesis 14. 

a). Genesis 14:5, 6 And in the fourteenth year came Chedorlaomer, and the kings that were with him, and smote the Rephaims in Ashteroth Karnaim, and the Zuzims in Ham, and the Emins in Shaveh Kiriathaim,

14: 6 And the Horites in their mount Seir, unto Elparan, which is by the wilderness.

3). The removal of the Horites by Esau and his clan happened during the time that Jacob was living in Haran. A period of twenty years (Genesis 31:38). By the time Jacob was returning to Canaan, Esau had amassed an army of 400 men (Genesis 33:1), by which he removed the Horites.