Matthew
5:22
But I say unto you, That
whosoever is angry with his brother without a cause shall be in danger of the
judgment: and whosoever shall say to his brother, Raca, shall be in danger of
the council: but whosoever shall say, Thou fool, shall be in danger of hell
fire.
a. NLT: But I say, if you are even
angry with someone, you are subject to judgment! If you call someone an
idiot, you are in danger of being brought before the court. And if you
curse someone, you are in danger of the fires of hell.
b. NIV: But I tell you that anyone who
is angry with a brother or sister will be subject to judgment. Again,
anyone who says to a brother or sister, ‘Raca,’ is answerable to the
court. And anyone who says, ‘You fool!’ will be in danger of the fire of hell.
c. Amplified Bible: But
I say to you that everyone who continues to be angry with his
brother or harbors malice (enmity of heart) against him shall
be liable to and unable to escape the punishment imposed
by the court; and whoever speaks contemptuously and insultingly
to his brother shall be liable to and unable to escape
the punishment imposed by the Sanhedrin, and whoever says, You cursed
fool! [You empty-headed idiot!] shall be liable to and unable
to escape the hell (Gehenna) of fire.
d. Young’s Literal Translation: but I
-- I say to you, that every one who is angry at his brother without cause,
shall be in danger of the judgment, and whoever may say to his brother, Empty
fellow! shall be in danger of the sanhedrim, and whoever may say, Rebel! shall
be in danger of the gehenna of the fire.
e. Worrell Translation: But I say to
you that every one who is angry with his brother shall be in danger of the
judgment; and whosoever says to his brother ‘Raca!” shall be in danger of the
high-council; and whosoever shall say, O foolish one! Shall be in danger of the
Hell of fire
1. “But I say unto you…”
a. But [1161 * de] [Strong: a
primary particle (adversative or continuative); but, and, etc.:--also, and,
but, moreover, now (often unexpressed in English).]
b. I [1473 * ego] [Strong: a primary
pronoun of the first person I (only expressed when emphatic):--I, me.]
c. say [3004 * lego] [Strong: a
primary verb; properly, to "lay" forth, i.e. (figuratively) relate
(in words (usually of systematic or set discourse; whereas 2036 and 5346
generally refer to an individual expression or speech respectively; while 4483
is properly to break silence merely, and 2980 means an extended or random
harangue)); by implication, to mean:--ask, bid, boast, call, describe, give
out, name, put forth, say(-ing, on), shew, speak, tell, utter.]
d. unto you [5213 * humin] [Strong: irregular dative case of 5210; to (with or by)
you:--ye, you, your(-selves).]
2. “…That whosoever is angry with his brother without a cause shall be in
danger of the judgment.”
a. that [3754 * hoti] [Strong: neuter
of 3748 as conjunction; demonstrative, that (sometimes redundant); causative,
because:--as concerning that, as though, because (that), for (that), how
(that), (in) that, though, why.]
b. whosoever [3956 * pas] [Strong: including
all the forms of declension; apparently a primary word; all, any, every, the
whole:--all (manner of, means), alway(-s), any (one), X daily, + ever, every
(one, way), as many as, + no(-thing), X thoroughly, whatsoever, whole,
whosoever.]
c. is angry [3710 * orgizo] [Strong: from
3709; to provoke or enrage, i.e. (passively) become exasperated:--be angry
(wroth).]
d. with his [846 * autos] [Strong: from
the particle au (perhaps akin to the base of 109 through the idea of a baffling
wind) (backward); the reflexive pronoun self, used (alone or in the comparative
1438) of the third person , and (with the proper personal pronoun) of the other
persons:--her, it(-self), one, the other, (mine) own, said, (self-), the) same,
((him-, my-, thy- )self, (your-)selves, she, that, their(-s), them(-selves),
there(-at, - by, -in, -into, -of, -on, -with), they, (these) things, this
(man), those, together, very, which.]
e. brother [80 * adephos] [Strong: from
1 (as a connective particle) and delphus (the womb); a brother (literally or
figuratively) near or remote (much like 1):--brother.]
f. without a cause [1500 * eike] [Strong:
probably from 1502 (through the idea of failure); idly, i.e. without reason (or
effect):--without a cause, (in) vain(-ly).]
1). This is a very interesting verse
mainly because how different translations leave out a particular phrase. The
phrase in question is “without a cause”. The King James Version has of course “whosoever is angry with his brother without
a cause”. To be fair let’s check out some other translations.
a). [New Living Translation] “But I
say, if you are even angry with someone, you are subject to judgment...”
b). [NIV] “But I tell you that anyone
who is angry with his brother will be subject to judgment…”
c). [English Standard Version] “But I
say to you that everyone who is angry with his brother will be liable to
judgment…”
d). [NASB] "But I say to you that
everyone who is angry with his brother shall be guilty before the court…”
e). [RSV] “But I say to you that every
one who is angry with his brother shall be liable to judgment…”
f). [ASV] “But I say unto you, that
every one who is angry with his brother shall be in danger of the judgment…”
2). If these 6 examples are to be
believed as accurate, then Jesus sinned.
a). Mark 3:1-5 And he entered again
into the synagogue; and there was a man there which had a withered hand.
3:2 And they watched him, whether he
would heal him on the sabbath day; that they might accuse him.
3:3 And he saith unto the man which
had the withered hand, Stand forth.
3:4 And he saith unto them, Is it
lawful to do good on the sabbath days, or to do evil? to save life, or to kill?
But they held their peace.
3:5 And when he had looked round about on them
with anger, being grieved for the hardness of their hearts, he saith unto the
man, Stretch forth thine hand. And he stretched it out: and his hand was
restored whole as the other.
3). If the 6 examples are correct in
there translation of Matthew 5:22 what are we to do about what Paul wrote in
Ephesians 4.
a). Ephesians 4:26 Be ye angry, and
sin not: let not the sun go down upon your wrath.
4). The reason for the differences in
translation is because of the differences in manuscripts. That being said,
those who have delved into the study of textual criticism (which I have a
little bit), or who have studied New Testament Greek (which I have not), are
familiar with the arguments over the preferences of manuscripts. Personally, I
generally prefer the King James Version and the text that backs it up, the
Textus Receptus or the Received Text. There are exceptions, but this is not one
of them. If you took the time (which I have in the past but will not now), to
look at the Greek text from which all the translations that leave out “without
a cause”, you would not find the Greek word for “without a cause”, that is, “eike”
(Strong # 1500), in the text. It is because the text that supports those
translations does not have it. The Greek text that supports the King James
Version, the Received Text or Textus Receptus, does have “without a cause”, the
Greek word “eike”, (Strong #1500).
g. shall be [2071 * esomai] [Strong: future of 1510; will be:--shall (should) be
(have), (shall) come (to pass), X may have, X fall, what would follow, X live
long, X sojourn.]
h. in danger [1777 * enochos] [Strong:
from 1758; liable to (a condition, penalty or imputation):--in danger of,
guilty of, subject to.]
i. of the judgment [2920 * krisis]
[Strong: decision (subjectively or objectively, for or against); by extension,
a tribunal; by implication, justice (especially, divine law):--accusation,
condemnation, damnation, judgment.]
2. “…and whosoever shall say to
his brother, Raca, shall be in danger of the council…”
a. and [1161 * de] [Strong: a
primary particle (adversative or continuative); but, and, etc.:--also, and,
but, moreover, now (often unexpressed in English).]
b. whosoever [3739 * hos] [Strong: including
feminine he hay, and neuter ho ho probably a primary word (or perhaps
a form of the article 3588); the relatively (sometimes demonstrative) pronoun,
who, which, what, that:--one, (an-, the) other, some, that, what, which,
who(-m, -se), etc.]
1) [302 * en] [Strong: a primary particle, denoting a supposition,
wish, possibility or uncertainty:--(what-, where-, wither-, who-)soever.
Usually unexpressed except by the subjunctive or potential mood.]
c. shall say [2036 * epo] [Strong: a
primary verb (used only in the definite past tense, the others being borrowed
from 2046, 4483, and 5346); to speak or say (by word or writing):--answer, bid,
bring word, call, command, grant, say (on), speak, tell.]
d. to his [846 * autos] [Strong: from
the particle au (perhaps akin to the base of 109 through the idea of a baffling
wind) (backward); the reflexive pronoun self, used (alone or in the comparative
1438) of the third person , and (with the proper personal pronoun) of the other
persons:--her, it(-self), one, the other, (mine) own, said, (self-), the) same,
((him-, my-, thy- )self, (your-)selves, she, that, their(-s), them(-selves),
there(-at, - by, -in, -into, -of, -on, -with), they, (these) things, this
(man), those, together, very, which.]
e. brother [80 * adephos] [Strong: [Strong:
from 1 (as a connective particle) and delphus (the womb); a brother (literally
or figuratively) near or remote (much like 1):--brother.]
f. Raca [4469 * rhaka][Thayer: empty,
i.e. a senseless, empty headed man.][Albert Barnes: This is a Syriac word,
expressive of great contempt. It comes from a verb signifying to be empty,
vain; and hence, as a word of contempt, denotes senseless, stupid,
shallow-brains. Jesus teaches here, that to use such words is a violation of
the sixth commandment. It is a violation of the spirit of that commandment,
and, if indulged, may lead to a more open and dreadful infraction of that law.]
g. shall be [2071 * esomai] [Strong: future of 1510; will be:--shall (should) be
(have), (shall) come (to pass), X may have, X fall, what would follow, X live
long, X sojourn.]
h. in danger [1777 * enochos] [Strong:
from 1758; liable to (a condition, penalty or imputation):--in danger of,
guilty of, subject to.]
i. of the council [4892 * sunedrion]
[Strong: neuter of a presumed derivative of a compound of 4862 and the base of
1476; a joint session, i.e. (specially), the Jewish Sanhedrin; by analogy, a
subordinate tribunal:--council.]
1).
We must not refer to another brother or sister in Christ as an idiot, stupid or
any other word or phrase that demeans their intelligence.
3. “…but whosoever shall say,
Thou fool, shall be in danger of hell fire.”
a. but [1161 * de] [Strong: a
primary particle (adversative or continuative); but, and, etc.:--also, and,
but, moreover, now (often unexpressed in English).]
b. whosoever [3739 * hos] [Strong: including
feminine he hay, and neuter ho ho probably a primary word (or perhaps
a form of the article 3588); the relatively (sometimes demonstrative) pronoun,
who, which, what, that:--one, (an-, the) other, some, that, what, which,
who(-m, -se), etc.]
1). [302 * en] [Strong: a primary particle, denoting a supposition,
wish, possibility or uncertainty:--(what-, where-, wither-, who-)soever.
Usually unexpressed except by the subjunctive or potential mood.]
c. shall say [2036 * epo] [Strong: a
primary verb (used only in the definite past tense, the others being borrowed
from 2046, 4483, and 5346); to speak or say (by word or writing):--answer, bid,
bring word, call, command, grant, say (on), speak, tell.]
d. fool [3474 * moros] [Vine: the word
means morally worthless, a scoundrel, a more serious reproach than
"Raca;" the latter scorns a man's mind and calls him stupid; moros
scorns his heart and character; hence the Lord's more severe condemnation.] [Strong:
i.e. heedless, (morally) blockhead, (apparently) absurd:--fool(-ish, X
-ishness).]
1). The English word moron is derived
from this word.
e. shall be [2071 * esomai] [Strong: future of 1510; will be:--shall (should) be
(have), (shall) come (to pass), X may have, X fall, what would follow, X live
long, X sojourn.]
f. in danger [1777 * enochos] [Strong:
from 1758; liable to (a condition, penalty or imputation):--in danger of,
guilty of, subject to.]
g. of [1519 * eis] [Strong: a primary
preposition; to or into (indicating the point reached or entered), of place,
time, or (figuratively) purpose (result, etc.); also in adverbial
phrases:--(abundant-)ly, against, among, as, at, (back-)ward, before, by,
concerning, + continual, + far more exceeding, for (intent, purpose), fore, +
forth, in (among, at, unto, -so much that, -to), to the intent that, + of one
mind, + never, of, (up-)on, + perish, + set at one again, (so) that,
therefore(-unto), throughout, til, to (be, the end, -ward), (here-)until(-to),
...ward, (where-)fore, with. Often used in composition with the same general
import, but only with verbs (etc.) expressing motion (literally or
figuratively).]
h. hell [1067 * geenna] [Strong:
valley of (the son of) Hinnom; ge-henna (or Ge-Hinnom), a valley of Jerusalem,
used (figuratively) as a name for the place (or state) of everlasting
punishment:--hell.]
i. fire [4442 * pyr][Thayer: fire]
[Strong: a primary word; "fire" (literally or figuratively,
specially, lightning):--fiery, fire.]
1). Geneva Bible Notes: “…by making
mention of a judgment, a council, and a fire, he shows that some sins are worse
than others are, but yet they are all such that we must give account for them,
and will be punished for them.”
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