1 Peter 2:8

1 Peter 2:8

And a stone of stumbling, and a rock of offence, even to them which stumble at the word, being disobedient: whereunto also they were appointed.

a. ASV: And, A stone of stumbling, and a rock of offence; for they stumble at the word, being disobedient: whereunto also they were appointed.

  

b. YLT: And a stone of stumbling and a rock of offence -- who are stumbling at the word, being unbelieving, -- to which also they were set;

d. Amplified Bible Classic: And, A Stone that will cause stumbling and a Rock that will give [men] offense; they stumble because they disobey and disbelieve [God’s] Word, as those [who reject Him] were destined (appointed) to do.

1. “And a stone of stumbling, and a rock of offence…”

a. And [Strong: 2532 kaí, kahee; apparently, a primary particle, having a copulative and sometimes also a cumulative force; and, also, even, so then, too, etc.; often used in connection (or composition) with other particles or small words:—and, also, both, but, even, for, if, or, so, that, then, therefore, when, yet.]

b. [a] stone [Strong: 3037 líthos, lee'-thos; apparently a primary word; a stone (literally or figuratively):—(mill-, stumbling-)stone.

c. [of] stumbling [Strong: 4348 próskomma, pros'-kom-mah; from G4350; a stub, i.e. (figuratively) occasion of apostasy:—offence, stumbling(-block, (-stone)).]

d. and [Strong: 2532 kaí, kahee; apparently, a primary particle, having a copulative and sometimes also a cumulative force; and, also, even, so then, too, etc.; often used in connection (or composition) with other particles or small words:—and, also, both, but, even, for, if, or, so, that, then, therefore, when, yet.]

e. [a] rock [Strong: 4073  pétra, pet'-ra; feminine of the same as G4074; a (mass of) rock (literally or figuratively):—rock.]

f. [of] offence [Strong: 4625 skándalon, skan'-dal-on; ("scandal"); probably from a derivative of G2578; a trap-stick (bent sapling), i.e. snare (figuratively, cause of displeasure or sin):—occasion to fall (of stumbling), offence, thing that offends, stumblingblock.] [Thayer: properly, the movable stick or tricker ('trigger') of a trap, trap-stick; a trap, snare; any impediment placed in the way and causing one to stumble or fall (a stumblingblock, occasion of stumbling)]

1). Vine Expository of New Testament Words: "In NT skandalon is always used metaphorically, and ordinarily of anything that arouses prejudice, or becomes a hindrance to others, or causes them to fall by the way.”

2). Zodhiates: The trigger of a trap on which the bait is placed, and which, when touched by the animal, springs and causes it to close causing entrapment. Skandalon always denotes an enticement to conduct which could ruin the person in question. In the NT skandalon is used figuratively in a moral sense. It is concerned mainly with the fact that it produces certain behavior which can lead to ruin.

2.  “...even to them which stumble at the word, being disobedient…”

a. [even to them] which [Strong: 3739 hós, hos; probably a primary word (or perhaps a form of the article G3588); the relatively (sometimes demonstrative) pronoun, who, which, what, that:—one, (an-, the) other, some, that, what, which, who(-m, -se), etc.]

b. stumble [Strong: 4350 proskóptō, pros-kop'-to; from G4314 and G2875; to strike at, i.e. surge against (as water); specially, to stub on, i.e. trip up (literally or figuratively):—beat upon, dash, stumble (at).]

c. the [Strong: 3588 ho ho, including the feminine he hay, and the neuter to to in all their inflections; the definite article; the (sometimes to be supplied, at others omitted, in English idiom):--the, this, that, one, he, she, it, etc.] [Thayer: [to] ὁ, ἡ, τό, originally τος, τῇ, τό (as is evident from the forms τοι, ται for οἱ, αἱ in Homer and the Ionic writings), corresponds to our definite article the (German der, die, das), which is properly a demonstrative pronoun, which we see in its full force in Homer, and of which we find certain indubitable traces also in all kinds of Greek prose, and hence also in the N. T.

d. word [Strong: 3056 lógos, log'-os; from G3004; something said (including the thought); by implication, a topic (subject of discourse), also reasoning (the mental faculty) or motive; by extension, a computation; specially, (with the article in John) the Divine Expression (i.e. Christ):—account, cause, communication, × concerning, doctrine, fame, × have to do, intent, matter, mouth, preaching, question, reason, + reckon, remove, say(-ing), shew, × speaker, speech, talk, thing, + none of these things move me, tidings, treatise, utterance, word, work.]

e. [being] disobedient [Strong: 544 apeithéō, ap-i-theh'-o; from G545; to disbelieve (wilfully and perversely):—not believe, disobedient, obey not, unbelieving.] [Zodhiates: Not to allow oneself to be persuaded or believe, to disbelieve, be disobedient, from 545 a-without; peitho-to persuade.

  

3. “...whereunto also they were appointed.”

a. whereunto [Strong: 1519 eis, ice; a primary preposition; to or into (indicating the point reached or entered), of place, time, or (figuratively) purpose (result, etc.); also in adverbial phrases:—(abundant-)ly, against, among, as, at, (back-)ward, before, by, concerning, +continual, + far more exceeding, for (intent, purpose), fore, + forth, in (among, at, unto, -so much that, -to), to the intent that, + of one mind, + never, of, (up-)on, +perish, + set at one again, (so) that, therefore(-unto), throughout, til, to (be, the end, -ward), (here-)until(-to), …ward, (where-)fore, with.]

b. [Strong: 3739 hós, hos; probably a primary word (or perhaps a form of the article G3588); the relatively (sometimes demonstrative) pronoun, who, which, what, that:—one, (an-, the) other, some, that, what, which, who(-m, -se), etc.

c. also [Strong: 2532 kaí, kahee; apparently, a primary particle, having a copulative and sometimes also a cumulative force; and, also, even, so then, too, etc.; often used in connection (or composition) with other particles or small words:—and, also, both, but, even, for, if, or, so, that, then, therefore, when, yet.]

d. [they were] appointed [Strong 5087 títhēmi, tith'-ay-mee; a prolonged form of a primary θέω théō theh'-o (which is used only as alternate in certain tenses); to place (in the widest application, literally and figuratively; properly, in a passive or horizontal posture, and thus different from G2476, which properly denotes an upright and active position, while G2749 is properly reflexive and utterly prostrate):—+ advise, appoint, bow, commit, conceive, give, × kneel down, lay (aside, down, up), make, ordain, purpose, put, set (forth), settle, sink down.]