1 Samuel 17:42

1 Samuel 17:42

And when the Philistine looked about, and saw David, he disdained him: for he was but a youth, and ruddy, and of a fair countenance.

a. ASV:  And when the Philistine looked about, and saw David, he disdained him; for he was but a youth, and ruddy, and withal of a fair countenance.

b. YLT: And the Philistine looketh attentively, and seeth David, and despiseth him, for he was a youth, and ruddy, with a fair appearance.

c. Amplified Bible Classic: And when the Philistine looked around and saw David, he scorned and despised him, for he was but an adolescent, with a healthy reddish color and a fair face.

d. Septuagint: And Goliath saw David, and despised him; for he was a lad, and ruddy, with a fair countenance.

e. Stone Edition Torah/Prophets/Writings: The Philistine peered and saw David, and he derided him, for he was a youth, ruddy and handsome.

1. “And when the Philistine looked about, and saw David…”

a. [And when the] Philistine [Strong: 6430 Pᵉlishtîy, pel-ish-tee'; patrial from H6429; a Pelishtite or inhabitant of Pelesheth:—Philistine.] [BLB: The KJV translates Strong's H6430 in the following manner: Philistine (287x), Philistim (1x).]

b. looked about [Strong: 5027  nâbaṭ, naw-bat'; a primitive root; to scan, i.e. look intently at; by implication, to regard with pleasure, favor or care:—(cause to) behold, consider, look (down), regard, have respect, see.] [BLB: The KJV translates Strong's H5027 in the following manner: look (36x), behold (13x), consider (5x), regard (4x), see (4x), respect (3x), look down (2x), look about (1x), look back (1x).]

c. [and] saw [Strong: 7200 râʼâh, raw-aw'; a primitive root; to see, literally or figuratively (in numerous applications, direct and implied, transitive, intransitive and causative):—advise self, appear, approve, behold, × certainly, consider, discern, (make to) enjoy, have experience, gaze, take heed, × indeed, × joyfully, lo, look (on, one another, one on another, one upon another, out, up, upon), mark, meet, × be near, perceive, present, provide, regard, (have) respect, (fore-, cause to, let) see(-r, -m, one another), shew (self), × sight of others, (e-) spy, stare, × surely, × think, view, visions.] [BLB: The KJV translates Strong's H7200 in the following manner: see (879x), look (104x), behold (83x), shew (68x), appear (66x), consider (22x), seer (12x), spy (6x), respect (5x), perceive (5x), provide (4x), regard (4x), enjoy (4x), lo (3x), foreseeth (2x), heed (2x), miscellaneous (74x).]

d. David [Strong: 1732 Dâvid, daw-veed'; rarely (fully); דָּוִיד Dâvîyd; from the same as H1730; loving; David, the youngest son of Jesse:—David.] [BLB: The KJV translates Strong's H1732 in the following manner: David (1,076x).]

2. “...he disdained him: for he was but a youth, and ruddy, and of a fair countenance.”

a. [he] disdained [Strong: 959 [Strong:  bâzâh, baw-zaw'; a primitive root; to disesteem:—despise, disdain, contemn(-ptible), think to scorn, vile person.] [BLB: The KJV translates Strong's H959 in the following manner: despise (36x), contemptible (3x), contemned (1x), disdained (1x), vile person (1x), scorn (1x).]

b. for [Strong: 3588 kiy kee a primitive particle (the full form of the prepositional prefix) indicating causal relations of all kinds, antecedent or consequent; (by implication) very widely used as a relative conjunction or adverb (as below); often largely modified by other particles annexed:--and, + (forasmuch, inasmuch, where-)as, assured(-ly), + but, certainly, doubtless, + else, even, + except, for, how, (because, in, so, than) that, + nevertheless, now, rightly, seeing, since, surely, then, therefore, + (al- )though, + till, truly, + until, when, whether, while, whom, yea, yet.]

c. [he] was [Strong: 1961 hayah haw-yaw a primitive root (Compare 1933); to exist, i.e. be or become, come to pass (always emphatic, and not a mere copula or auxiliary):--beacon, X altogether, be(-come), accomplished, committed, like), break, cause, come (to pass), do, faint, fall, + follow, happen, X have, last, pertain, quit (one-)self, require, X use.]

d. [but a] youth [Strong: 5288 naʻar, nah'-ar; from H5287; (concretely) a boy (as active), from the age of infancy to adolescence; by implication, a servant; also (by interch. of sex), a girl (of similar latitude in age):—babe, boy, child, damsel (from the margin), lad, servant, young (man).] [BLB: The KJV translates Strong's H5288 in the following manner: young man (76x), servant (54x), child (44x), lad (33x), young (15x), children (7x), youth (6x), babe (1x), boys (1x), young (1x).]

e. [and] ruddy [Strong: 132 ʼadmônîy, ad-mo-nee'; or (fully) אַדְמוֹנִי ʼadmôwnîy ; from H119; reddish (of the hair or the complexion):—red, ruddy.] [BLB:  The KJV translates Strong's H132 in the following manner: ruddy (2x), red (1x).]

f. and [Strong: 5973  `im eem from 6004; adverb or preposition, with (i.e. in conjunction with), in varied applications; specifically, equally with; often with prepositional prefix (and then usually unrepresented in English):--accompanying, against, and, as (X long as), before, beside, by (reason of), for all, from (among, between), in, like, more than, of, (un-)to, with(-al).]

g. [of a] fair [Strong: 3303 yâpheh, yaw-feh'; from H3302; beautiful (literally or figuratively):— beautiful, beauty, comely, fair(-est, one), goodly, pleasant, well.] [BLB: The KJV translates Strong's H3303 in the following manner: fair (21x), beautiful (5x), well (5x), fairest (3x), fair one (2x), beauty (1x), beautiful (with H8389) (2x), beauty (1x), comely (1x), pleasant (1x).]

h. countenance [Strong: 4758 marʼeh, mar-eh'; from H7200; a view (the act of seeing); also an appearance (the thing seen), whether (real) a shape (especially if handsome, comeliness; often plural the looks), or (mental) a vision:—× apparently, appearance(-reth), × as soon as beautiful(-ly), countenance, fair, favoured, form, goodly, to look (up) on (to), look(-eth), pattern, to see, seem, sight, visage, vision.] [BLB: The KJV translates Strong's H4758 in the following manner: appearance (35x), sight (18x), countenance (11x), vision (11x), favoured (7x), look upon (4x), fair (with H2896) (2x), miscellaneous (15x).]