1 Samuel 20:12
And
Jonathan said unto David, O LORD God of Israel, when I have sounded my father
about to morrow any time, or the third day, and,
behold, if there be good toward David, and I then send not
unto thee, and shew it thee;
a. NLT: Then Jonathan told
David, “I promise by the LORD, the God of Israel, that by this time tomorrow,
or the next day at the latest, I will talk to my father and let you know at
once how he feels about you. If he speaks favorably about you, I will let you
know.
b. NIV: Then Jonathan said
to David, “I swear by the LORD, the God of Israel, that I will surely sound out
my father by this time the day after tomorrow! If he is favorably disposed
toward you, will I not send you word and let you know?
c. YLT: And
Jonathan saith unto David, 'Jehovah, God of Israel -- when I search my father,
about this time to-morrow or the third day,
and lo, good is towards David, and I do not then send unto
thee, and have uncovered thine ear --
d. Amplified Bible
Classic: Jonathan said to David, The Lord, the God of Israel, be witness. When
I have sounded out my father about this time tomorrow, or the third day,
behold, if he is well inclined toward David, and I do not send and let you know
it,
e. Septuagint: And
Jonathan said to David, the Lord God of Israel knows that I will sound my
father as I have an opportunity, three several times, and, behold, [if good]
should be determined concerning David, and I do not send to thee to the field,
f. Stone Edition
Torah/Prophets/Writings: Jonathan said to David”[I swear by] HASHEM the God of
Israel that I will probe my father at this time on the third day from now, and
behold, if it is good for David will I not then send for you and reveal it to
you?
1. “And
Jonathan said unto David, O LORD God of Israel…”
a. Jonathan [3083
* Yhownathan] [Strong: from 3068 and 5414; Jehovah-given;
Jehonathan, the name of four Israelites:--Jonathan.]
b. said [559 *
‘amar] [Strong: a primitive root; to say (used with great latitude):--answer,
appoint, avouch, bid, boast self, call, certify, challenge, charge, + (at the,
give) command(-ment), commune, consider, declare, demand, X desire, determine,
X expressly, X indeed, X intend, name, X plainly, promise, publish, report,
require, say, speak (against, of), X still, X suppose, talk, tell, term, X that
is, X think, use (speech), utter, X verily, X yet.]
c. unto David [1732
* David; or Daviyd] [Strong: from the same as 1730; loving; David, the
youngest son of Jesse:--David.]
d. O LORD [3068 * Yhovah]
[Strong: from 1961; (the) self-Existent or Eternal; Jehovah, Jewish
national name of God:--Jehovah, the Lord.]
e. God [430 * 'elohiym]
[Strong: plural of 433; gods in the ordinary sense; but specifically used
(in the plural thus, especially with the article) of the supreme God;
occasionally applied by way of deference to magistrates; and sometimes as a
superlative:--angels, X exceeding, God (gods)(-dess, -ly), X (very) great, judges,
X mighty.]
f. of Israel [3478
* Yisra'el yis-raw-ale' from 8280 and 410; he will rule as God;
Jisrael, a symbolical name of Jacob; also (typically) of his posterity:
--Israel.]
1). Carl Friedrich
Keil and Franz Delitzsh Commentary: In the field, where they were both entirely
free from observation, Jonathan first of all renewed his covenant with David,
by vowing to him on oath that he would give him information of his father's
feelings towards him.
2). Jonathan was
clearly speaking in a covenant manner, vowing with a oath to Daved and calling
on God to be a witness that he would let David know concerning Saul’s feelings
toward David.
2. “…when
I have sounded my father about to morrow any time, or the
third day, and, behold, if there be good toward
David…”
a. when I have
sounded [2713 * chaqar] [Strong: a primitive root; properly, to penetrate;
hence, to examine intimately:--find out, (make) search (out), seek (out),
sound, try.]
b. father [1 * ‘ab]
[Strong: a primitive word; father, in a literal and immediate, or figurative
and remote application):--chief, (fore-)father(-less), X patrimony, principal.]
c. about to morrow
[4279 * Machar] [Strong: probably from 309; properly, deferred, i.e. the
morrow; usually (adverbially) tomorrow; indefinitely, hereafter:--time to come,
tomorrow.]
d. any time [6256
* `eth] [Strong: from 5703; time, especially (adverb with preposition)
now, when, etc.:--+ after, (al-)ways, X certain, + continually, + evening,
long, (due) season, so (long) as, (even-, evening-, noon-)tide, ((meal-)),
what) time, when.]
e. the third day
[7992 * shliyshiy] [Strong: ordinal from 7969; third; feminine a third
(part); by extension, a third (day, year or time); specifically, a third-story
cell):--third (part, rank, time), three (years old).]
f. and behold if
there be good [2895 * towb] [Strong: a
primitive root, to be (transitively, do or make) good (or well) in the widest
sense:--be (do) better, cheer, be (do, seem) good, (make) goodly, X please,
(be, do, go, play) well.]
g. toward David [1732
* David; or Daviyd] [Strong: from the same as 1730; loving; David, the
youngest son of Jesse:--David.]
3. “…and
I then send not unto thee, and shew it thee;”
a. and I then send
unto thee [7971 * shalach] [Strong: a primitive root; to send away, for, or out
(in a great variety of applications):--X any wise, appoint, bring (on the way),
cast (away, out), conduct, X earnestly, forsake, give (up), grow long, lay,
leave, let depart (down, go, loose), push away, put (away, forth, in, out),
reach forth, send (away, forth, out), set, shoot (forth, out), sow, spread,
stretch forth (out).]
b. and shew [1540
* galah] [Strong: a primitive root; to denude (especially in a disgraceful
sense); by implication, to exile (captives being usually stripped);
figuratively, to reveal:--+ advertise, appear, bewray, bring, (carry, lead, go)
captive (into captivity), depart, disclose, discover, exile, be gone, open, X
plainly, publish, remove, reveal, X shamelessly, shew, X surely, tell, uncover.]
c. shew [241 * 'ozen]
[Strong: from 238; broadness. i.e. (concrete) the ear (from its form in
man):--+ advertise, audience, + displease, ear, hearing, + show.]
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