1 Samuel 20:16

1 Samuel 20:16

So Jonathan made a covenant with the house of David, saying, Let the LORD even require it at the hand of David's enemies.

a. NLT: So Jonathan made a solemn pact with David,[fn] saying, “May the LORDdestroy all your enemies!”

b. NIV: So Jonathan made a covenant with the house of David, saying, “May the LORD call David’s enemies to account.”

c. YLT: And Jonathan covenanteth with the house of David, and Jehovah hath sought it from the hand of the enemies of David;

d. Amplified Bible Classic: So Jonathan made a covenant with the house of David, saying, And the Lord will require that this covenant be kept at the hands of David’s enemies.

e. Septuagint:  [should it happen] that the name of Jonathan be discovered by the house of David, then let the Lord seek out the enemies of David. 

f. Stone Edition Torah/Prophets/Writings: Jonathan also sealed [a covenant] regarding David’s household, and added, “May HASHEM exact punishment from the enemies of David.

1. “So Jonathan made a covenant with the house of David, saying…”

a. Jonathan [3083 * Yhownathan] [Strong: from 3068 and 5414; Jehovah-given; Jehonathan, the name of four Israelites:--Jonathan.]

b. made [3772 * karath] [Strong: a primitive root; to cut (off, down or asunder); by implication, to destroy or consume; specifically, to covenant (i.e. make an alliance or bargain, originally by cutting flesh and passing between the pieces):--be chewed, be con-(feder-)ate, covenant, cut (down, off), destroy, fail, feller, be freed, hew (down), make a league ((covenant)), X lose, perish, X utterly, X want.]

c. a covenant [No Hebrew]

d. the house [1004 * bayith] [Strong: probably from 1129 abbreviated; a house (in the greatest variation of applications, especially family, etc.):--court, daughter, door, + dungeon, family, + forth of, X great as would contain, hangings, home(born), (winter)house(-hold), inside(-ward), palace, place, + prison, + steward, + tablet, temple, web, + within(-out).]

e. of David [1732 * David; or Daviyd] [Strong: from the same as 1730; loving; David, the youngest son of Jesse:--David.]

2. “…Let the LORD even require it at the hand of David's enemies.”

a. the LORD [3068 * Yhovah] [Strong: from 1961; (the) self-Existent or Eternal; Jehovah, Jewish national name of God:--Jehovah, the Lord.]

b. require it [1245 * baqash] [Strong: a primitive root; to search out (by any method, specifically in worship or prayer); by implication, to strive after:--ask, beg, beseech, desire, enquire, get, make inquisition, procure, (make) request, require, seek (for).]

c. at the hand [3027 * yad] [Strong: a primitive word; a hand (the open one (indicating power, means, direction, etc.), in distinction from 3709, the closed one); used (as noun, adverb, etc.) in a great variety of applications, both literally and figuratively, both proximate and remote (as follows):--(+ be) able, X about, + armholes, at, axletree, because of, beside, border, X bounty, + broad, (broken-)handed, X by, charge, coast, + consecrate, + creditor, custody, debt, dominion, X enough, + fellowship, force, X from, hand(-staves, -y work), X he, himself, X in, labour, + large, ledge, (left-)handed, means, X mine, ministry, near, X of, X order, ordinance, X our, parts, pain, power, X presumptuously, service, side, sore, state, stay, draw with strength, stroke, + swear, terror, X thee, X by them, X themselves, X thine own, X thou, through, X throwing, + thumb, times, X to, X under, X us, X wait on, (way-)side, where, + wide, X with (him, me, you), work, + yield, X yourselves.]

d. of David’s [1732 * David; or Daviyd] [Strong: from the same as 1730; loving; David, the youngest son of Jesse:--David.]

e. enemies [341 * 'oyeb; or (fully) owyeb] [Strong: active participle of 340; hating; an adversary:--enemy, foe.]