1 Kings 16:28
So Omri slept with his fathers, and was buried in Samaria: and Ahab his son reigned in his stead.
a. ASV: So Omri slept with his fathers, and was buried in Samaria; and Ahab his son reigned in his stead.
b. YLT: And Omri lieth with his fathers, and is buried in Samaria, and Ahab his son reigneth in his stead.
c. Amplified Bible Classic: So Omri slept with his fathers and was buried in Samaria. Ahab his son reigned in his stead.
d. Septuagint: So Omri slept with his fathers and was buried in Samaria. Ahab his son reigned in his stead.
e. Stone Edition Torah/Prophets/Writings: Omri lay with his forefathers and was buried in Samaria, and his son Ahab reigned in his place.
1. “So Omri slept with his fathers, and was buried in Samaria: and Ahab his son reigned in his stead.”
a. [So] Omri [Strong: 6018 ʻOmrîy, om-ree'; from H6014; heaping; Omri, an Israelite:—Omri.]
b. slept [Strong: 7901 shâkab, shaw-kab'; a primitive root; to lie down (for rest, sexual connection, decease or any other purpose):—× at all, cast down, (lover-)lay (self) (down), (make to) lie (down, down to sleep, still with), lodge, ravish, take rest, sleep, stay.]
c. with [Strong: 5973 `im eem from 6004; adverb or preposition, with (i.e. in conjunction with), in varied applications; specifically, equally with; often with prepositional prefix (and then usually unrepresented in English):--accompanying, against, and, as (X long as), before, beside, by (reason of), for all, from (among, between), in, like, more than, of, (un-)to, with(-al).]
d. [his] fathers [Strong: 1 ʼâb, awb; a primitive word; father, in a literal and immediate, or figurative and remote application:—chief, (fore-) father(-less), × patrimony, principal.]
e. [and was] buried [Strong: 6912 qâbar, kaw-bar'; a primitive root; to inter:—× in any wise, bury(-ier).]
f. [in] Samaria [Strong: 8111 Shômᵉrôwn, sho-mer-one'; from the active participle of H8104; watch-station; Shomeron, a place in Palestine:—Samaria.]
g. [and] Ahab [Strong: 256 ʼAchʼâb, akh-awb'; once (by contraction) אֶחָב ʼEchâb (Jeremiah 29:22); from H251 and H1; brother (i.e. friend) of (his) father; Achab, the name of a king of Israel and of a prophet at Babylon:—Ahab.]
h. reigned [Strong: 4427 mâlak, maw-lak'; a primitive root; to reign; inceptively, to ascend the throne; causatively, to induct into royalty; hence (by implication) to take counsel:—consult, ×indeed, be (make, set a, set up) king, be (make) queen, (begin to, make to) reign(-ing), rule, × surely.]
i. [in his] place [Strong: 8478 tachath takh'-ath from the same as 8430; the bottom (as depressed); only adverbially, below (often with prepositional prefix underneath), in lieu of, etc.:--as, beneath, X flat, in(-stead), (same) place (where...is), room, for...sake, stead of, under, X unto, X when...was mine, whereas, (where-)fore, with.]
1). Here is the introduction the Scriptures give of Ahab, when he came on the scene he became the most wicked king of Israel. He did more to provoke the anger of the LORD than all the kings of Israel before him. What a horrible and sad introduction.
2). Alfred Edersheim, Bible History, Old Testament, p.667. “With the enthronement of Ahab and Jezebel, the establishment of the worship of Baal as the state religion, and the attempted extermination of the prophets and followers of the Lord, the apostasy of Israel reached its high point.”
3). The general rule was that each succeeding king descended lower than the preceding one. There were exceptions to this of course, but such is the general course of human nature. In light of this Ahab was up to this point the worst king of Israel.
4). The events between the dividing up of the kingdom of Israel in the reign of Rehoboam Solomon’s son into the two kingdoms of Judah and Israel, and the beginning of the reign of Ahab is only about 57 years. Israel (the ten northern tribes) went from the worship of the one true God to Baal worship in that short of time.
5). Unger’s Bible Dictionary: Ahab: (a’ hab; father’s brother). The son of the seventh king of Israel, and second in the dynasty of Omri. He succeeded his father in the 38th year of Asa, king of Judah, and reigned 22 years in Samaria 874-853 B.C.. His wife was Jezebel, a heathen princess, daughter of Ethbaal, king of Sidon. Jezebel was a decided and energetic character, and soon acquired complete control over her husband, so that he eventually established the worship of the Phoenician idols, and especially of the storm-god Baal-Melcarth. Ahab built him a temple and an altar in Samaria and made a grove for the unpure orgies of the goddessAsherah 1 Kings 16-29-33). So strong was the tide of corruption that it appeared as if the knowledge of the true God would be lost among the Israelites. But a man suited to this emergency was raised up in the person of Elijah (1 Kings 18), who opposed the royal power and succeeded in retaining many of his countrymen in the worship of the true God. Ahab [was]...refused a neighboring vineyard, which he desired...through the influence of Jezebel, caused its owner, Naboth, to be put to death on a false charge of blasphemy. For this crime Elijah prophesied the total extinction of the house of Ahab. The execution of the sentence was delayed because of Ahab’s repentance (1 Kings 21; 1 Kings 21:27-29)...Ahab appears prominently on the Assyrian monuments of the great conqueror Shalmaneser III (859-824 B.C.). The Monolith Inscription, now in the British museum, recounts the clash of Assyrian arms in 853 B.C. with a Syrian coalition of kings at Qarqar N of Hamath, a fortress guarding the approaches to all lower Syria. Conspicuously mentioned among those who successfully withstood Assyria’s advance is “Ahab, the Israelite”. The Israelite ruler’s prominence is indicated by the large number of chariots he is said to have thrown into the battle, 2,000 as compared with 1,200 supplied by Hadadrezer of Damascus. Ahab ran a close race with the Damascene state as heading the foremost power in the central and lower Syria in the middle of the ninth century B.C., as is represented by the bible and proved by the monuments.
6). Ahab died in the evening after a battle with the king of Syria (1 Kings 22:29-37). The prophecy that Elijah pronounced to Ahab concerning dogs licking up his blood (1 Kings 21:19), was fulfilled (1 Kings 22:38).
1 Kings 16:29
And in the thirty and eighth year of Asa king of Judah began Ahab the son of Omri to reign over Israel: and Ahab the son of Omri reigned over Israel in Samaria twenty and two years.
a. ASV: And in the thirty and eighth year of Asa king of Judah began Ahab the son of Omri to reign over Israel: and Ahab the son of Omri reigned over Israel in Samaria twenty and two years.
b. YLT: And Ahab son of Omri hath reigned over Israel in the thirty and eighth year of Asa king of Judah, and Ahab son of Omri reigneth over Israel in Samaria twenty and two years,
c. Amplified Bible Classic: In the thirty-eighth year of Asa king of Judah, Ahab son of Omri began his reign of twenty-two years over Israel in Samaria.
d. Septuagint: In the second year of Josaphat king of Juda, Achaab son of Ambri reigned over Israel in Samaria twenty-two years.
e. Stone Edition Torah/Prophets/Writings: Ahab son of Omri became king over Israel in the thirty-eighth year of Asa, king of Judah. Ahab son of Omri ruled over Israel in Samaria for twenty-two years.
1. “And in the thirty and eighth year of Asa king of Judah began Ahab the son of Omri to reign over Israel…”
a. [And in the] thirty [Strong: 7970 shᵉlôwshîym, shel-o-sheem'; or שְׁלֹשִׁים shᵉlôshîym; multiple of H7969; thirty; or (ordinal) thirtieth:—thirty, thirtieth.]
b. [Strong: 8141 shâneh, shaw-neh'; (in plural or (feminine) שָׁנָה shânâh; from H8138; a year (as a revolution of time):— whole age, × long, old, year(× -ly).]
c. [and] eighth [Strong: 8083 shᵉmôneh, shem-o-neh'; or שְׁמוֹנֶה shᵉmôwneh; feminine שְׁמֹנָה shᵉmônâh; or שְׁמוֹנָה shᵉmôwnâh; apparently from H8082 through the idea of plumpness; a cardinal number, eight (as if a surplus above the 'perfect' seven); also (as ordinal) eighth:—eight(-een, -eenth), eighth.]
d. year [Strong: 8141 shâneh, shaw-neh'; (in plural or (feminine) שָׁנָה shânâh; from H8138; a year (as a revolution of time):— whole age, × long, old, year(× -ly).]
e. [of] Asa [Strong: 609 ʼÂçâʼ, aw-saw'; of uncertain derivation; Asa, the name of a king and of a Levite:—Asa.]
f. king [Strong: 4428 melek, meh'-lek; from H4427; a king:—king, royal.]
g. [of] Judah [Strong: 3063 Yᵉhûwdâh, yeh-hoo-daw'; from H3034; celebrated; Jehudah (or Judah), the name of five Israelites; also of the tribe descended from the first, and of its territory:—Judah.]
h. [began] Ahab [Strong: 256 ʼAchʼâb, akh-awb'; once (by contraction) אֶחָב ʼEchâb (Jeremiah 29:22); from H251 and H1; brother (i.e. friend) of (his) father; Achab, the name of a king of Israel and of a prophet at Babylon:—Ahab.]
i. [the] son [Strong: 1121 bên, bane; from H1129; a son (as a builder of the family name), in the widest sense (of literal and figurative relationship, including grandson, subject, nation, quality or condition, etc., (like father or brother), etc.):—afflicted, age, (Ahoh-) (Ammon-) (Hachmon-) (Lev-) ite, (anoint-) ed one, appointed to, (+) arrow, (Assyr-) (Babylon-) (Egypt-) (Grec-) ian, one born, bough, branch, breed, + (young) bullock, + (young) calf, × came up in, child, colt, × common, × corn, daughter, × of first, firstborn, foal, + very fruitful, + postage, × in, + kid, + lamb, (+) man, meet, +mighty, + nephew, old, (+) people, rebel, + robber, × servant born, × soldier, son, +spark, steward, + stranger, × surely, them of, + tumultuous one, valiant(-est), whelp, worthy, young (one), youth.]
j. [of] Omri [Strong: 6018 ʻOmrîy, om-ree'; from H6014; heaping; Omri, an Israelite:—Omri.]
k. [to] reign [Strong: 4427 mâlak, maw-lak'; a primitive root; to reign; inceptively, to ascend the throne; causatively, to induct into royalty; hence (by implication) to take counsel:—consult, ×indeed, be (make, set a, set up) king, be (make) queen, (begin to, make to) reign(-ing), rule, × surely.]
l. [over] Israel [Strong: 3478 Yisrâʼêl, yis-raw-ale'; from H8280 and H410; he will rule as God; Jisraël, a symbolical name of Jacob; also (typically) of his posterity:—Israel.]
2. “...and Ahab the son of Omri reigned over Israel in Samaria twenty and two years.”
a. [and] Ahab [Strong: 256 ʼAchʼâb, akh-awb'; once (by contraction) אֶחָב ʼEchâb (Jeremiah 29:22); from H251 and H1; brother (i.e. friend) of (his) father; Achab, the name of a king of Israel and of a prophet at Babylon:—Ahab.]
1). Unger’s Bible Dictionary: Ahab: (a’ hab; father’s brother). The son of the seventh king of Israel, and second in the dynasty of Omri. He succeeded his father in the 38th year of Asa, king of Judah, and reigned 22 years in Samaria 874-853 B.C.. His wife was Jezebel, a heathen princess, daughter of Ethbaal, king of Sidon. Jezebel was a decided and energetic character, and soon acquired complete control over her husband, so that he eventually established the worship of the Phoenician idols, and especially of the storm-god Baal-Melcarth. Ahab built him a temple and an altar in Samaria and made a grove for the unpure orgies of the goddessAsherah 1 Kings 16-29-33). So strong was the tide of corruption that it appeared as if the knowledge of the true God would be lost among the Israelites. But a man suited to this emergency was raised up in the person of Elijah (1 Kings 18), who opposed the royal power and succeeded in retaining many of his countrymen in the worship of the true God. Ahab [was]...refused a neighboring vineyard, which he desired...through the influence of Jezebel, caused its owner, Naboth, to be put to death on a false charge of blasphemy. For this crime Elijah prophesied the total extinction of the house of Ahab. The execution of the sentence was delayed because of Ahab’s repentance (1 Kings 21; 1 Kings 21:27-29)...Ahab appears prominently on the Assyrian monuments of the great conqueror Shalmaneser III (859-824 B.C.). The Monolith Inscription, now in the British museum, recounts the clash of Assyrian arms in 853 B.C. with a Syrian coalition of kings at Qarqar N of Hamath, a fortress guarding the approaches to all lower Syria. Conspicuously mentioned among those who successfully withstood Assyria’s advance is “Ahab, the Israelite”. The Israelite ruler’s prominence is indicated by the large number of chariots he is said to have thrown into the battle, 2,000 as compared with 1,200 supplied by Hadadrezer of Damascus. Ahab ran a close race with the Damascene state as heading the foremost power in the central and lower Syria in the middle of the ninth century B.C., as is represented by the bible and proved by the monuments.
b. [the] son [Strong: 1121 bên, bane; from H1129; a son (as a builder of the family name), in the widest sense (of literal and figurative relationship, including grandson, subject, nation, quality or condition, etc., (like father or brother), etc.):—afflicted, age, (Ahoh-) (Ammon-) (Hachmon-) (Lev-) ite, (anoint-) ed one, appointed to, (+) arrow, (Assyr-) (Babylon-) (Egypt-) (Grec-) ian, one born, bough, branch, breed, + (young) bullock, + (young) calf, × came up in, child, colt, × common, × corn, daughter, × of first, firstborn, foal, + very fruitful, + postage, × in, + kid, + lamb, (+) man, meet, +mighty, + nephew, old, (+) people, rebel, + robber, × servant born, × soldier, son, +spark, steward, + stranger, × surely, them of, + tumultuous one, valiant(-est), whelp, worthy, young (one), youth.]
c. [of] Omri [Strong: 6018 ʻOmrîy, om-ree'; from H6014; heaping; Omri, an Israelite:—Omri.]
d. reigned [Strong: 4427 mâlak, maw-lak'; a primitive root; to reign; inceptively, to ascend the throne; causatively, to induct into royalty; hence (by implication) to take counsel:—consult, ×indeed, be (make, set a, set up) king, be (make) queen, (begin to, make to) reign(-ing), rule, × surely.]
e. over [Strong: 5921 `al al properly, the same as 5920 used as a preposition (in the singular or plural often with prefix, or as conjunction with a particle following); above, over, upon, or against (yet always in this last relation with a downward aspect) in a great variety of applications (as follow):--above, according to(-ly), after, (as) against, among, and, X as, at, because of, beside (the rest of), between, beyond the time, X both and, by (reason of), X had the charge of, concerning for, in (that), (forth, out) of, (from) (off), (up-)on, over, than, through(-out), to, touching, X with.
f. Israel [Strong: 3478 Yisrâʼêl, yis-raw-ale'; from H8280 and H410; he will rule as God; Jisraël, a symbolical name of Jacob; also (typically) of his posterity:—Israel.]
g. [in] Samaria [Strong: 8111 Shômᵉrôwn, sho-mer-one'; from the active participle of H8104; watch-station; Shomeron, a place in Palestine:—Samaria.]
h. twenty [Strong: 6242 ʻesrîym, es-reem'; from H6235; twenty; also (ordinal) twentieth:—(six-) score, twenty(-ieth).]
i. [and] two [Strong: 8147 shᵉnayim, shen-ah'-yim; dual of H8145; feminine שְׁתַּיִם shᵉttayim; two; also (as ordinal) twofold:—both, couple, double, second, twain, twelfth, twelve, twenty (sixscore) thousand, twice, two.]
j. years [Strong: 8141 shâneh, shaw-neh'; (in plural or (feminine) שָׁנָה shânâh; from H8138; a year (as a revolution of time):— whole age, × long, old, year(× -ly).]
1 Kings 16:30
And Ahab the son of Omri did evil in the sight of the LORD above all that were before him.
a. ASV: And Ahab the son of Omri did that which was evil in the sight of Jehovah above all that were before him.
b. YLT: And Ahab son of Omri doth the evil thing in the eyes of Jehovah above all who are before him.
c. Amplified Bible Classic: And Ahab son of Omri did evil in the sight of the Lord above all before him.
d. Septuagint: And Achaab did that which was evil in the sight of the Lord, and did more wickedly than all that were before him.
e. Stone Edition Torah/Prophets/Writings: Ahab son of Omri did what was evil in the eyes of HASHEM, more that all who had preceded him.
1. “And Ahab the son of Omri did evil in the sight of the LORD above all that were before him.”
a. [And] Ahab [Strong: 256 ʼAchʼâb, akh-awb'; once (by contraction) אֶחָב ʼEchâb (Jeremiah 29:22); from H251 and H1; brother (i.e. friend) of (his) father; Achab, the name of a king of Israel and of a prophet at Babylon:—Ahab.]
b. [the] son [Strong: 1121 bên, bane; from H1129; a son (as a builder of the family name), in the widest sense (of literal and figurative relationship, including grandson, subject, nation, quality or condition, etc., (like father or brother), etc.):—afflicted, age, (Ahoh-) (Ammon-) (Hachmon-) (Lev-) ite, (anoint-) ed one, appointed to, (+) arrow, (Assyr-) (Babylon-) (Egypt-) (Grec-) ian, one born, bough, branch, breed, + (young) bullock, + (young) calf, × came up in, child, colt, × common, × corn, daughter, × of first, firstborn, foal, + very fruitful, + postage, × in, + kid, + lamb, (+) man, meet, +mighty, + nephew, old, (+) people, rebel, + robber, × servant born, × soldier, son, +spark, steward, + stranger, × surely, them of, + tumultuous one, valiant(-est), whelp, worthy, young (one), youth.]
c. [of] Omri [Strong: 6018 ʻOmrîy, om-ree'; from H6014; heaping; Omri, an Israelite:—Omri.]
d. did [Strong: 6213 ʻâsâh, aw-saw'; a primitive root; to do or make, in the broadest sense and widest application:—accomplish, advance, appoint, apt, be at, become, bear, bestow, bring forth, bruise, be busy, × certainly, have the charge of, commit, deal (with), deck, displease, do, (ready) dress(-ed), (put in) execute(-ion), exercise, fashion, feast, (fight-) ing man, finish, fit, fly, follow, fulfill, furnish, gather, get, go about, govern, grant, great, hinder, hold (a feast), × indeed, be industrious, journey, keep, labour, maintain, make, be meet, observe, be occupied, offer, officer, pare, bring (come) to pass, perform, pracise, prepare, procure, provide, put, requite, ×sacrifice, serve, set, shew, × sin, spend, × surely, take, × thoroughly, trim, × very, vex, be (warr-) ior, work(-man), yield, use.]
e. evil [Strong: 7451 raʻ, rah; from H7489; bad or (as noun) evil (natural or moral):—adversity, affliction, bad, calamity, displease(-ure), distress, evil((-favouredness), man, thing), +exceedingly, × great, grief(-vous), harm, heavy, hurt(-ful), ill (favoured), + mark, mischief(-vous), misery, naught(-ty), noisome, + not please, sad(-ly), sore, sorrow, trouble, vex, wicked(-ly, -ness, one), worse(-st), wretchedness, wrong. (Including feminine raaah; as adjective or noun.)]
f. [in the] sight [Strong: 5869 ʻayin, ah'-yin; probably a primitive word; an eye (literally or figuratively); by analogy, a fountain (as the eye of the landscape):—affliction, outward appearance, before, think best, colour, conceit, be content, countenance, displease, eye((-brow), (-d), -sight), face, favour, fountain, furrow (from the margin), × him, humble, knowledge, look, (+ well), × me, open(-ly), + (not) please, presence, regard, resemblance, sight, × thee, × them, + think, × us, well, × you(-rselves).]
g. [of the] LORD [Strong: 3068 Yᵉhôvâh, yeh-ho-vaw'; from H1961; (the) self-Existent or Eternal; Jeho-vah, Jewish national name of God:—Jehovah, the Lord.]
h. [above] all [Strong: 3605 kol kole or (Jer. 33:8) kowl {kole}; from 3634; properly, the whole; hence, all, any or every (in the singular only, but often in a plural sense):--(in) all (manner, (ye)), altogether, any (manner), enough, every (one, place, thing), howsoever, as many as, (no-)thing, ought, whatsoever, (the) whole, whoso(-ever).]
i. [that were] before [him] [Strong: 6440 pânîym, paw-neem'; plural (but always as singular) of an unused noun פָּנֶה pâneh; from H6437); the face (as the part that turns); used in a great variety of applications (literally and figuratively); also (with prepositional prefix) as a preposition (before, etc.):— accept, a-(be-) fore(-time), against, anger, × as (long as), at, battle, because (of), beseech, countenance, edge, employ, endure, enquire, face, favour, fear of, for, forefront(-part), form(-er time, -ward), from, front, heaviness, × him(-self), honourable, impudent, in, it, look(-eth) (-s), × me, meet, × more than, mouth, of, off, (of) old (time), × on, open, out of, over against, the partial, person, please, presence, prospect, was purposed, by reason of, regard, right forth, serve, × shewbread, sight, state, straight, street, × thee, × them(-selves), through ( -out), till, time(-s) past, (un-) to(-ward), upon, upside ( down), with(-in, -stand), × ye, × you.]
1). In this verse it clearly lets us know that Ahab is the worst king in the divided kingdom of Israel’s history, which at that time was less than 60 years.
1 Kings 16:31
And it came to pass, as if it had been a light thing for him to walk in the sins of Jeroboam the son of Nebat, that he took to wife Jezebel the daughter of Ethbaal king of the Zidonians, and went and served Baal, and worshipped him.
a. NLT: And as though it were not enough to follow the example of Jeroboam, he married Jezebel, the daughter of King Ethbaal of the Sidonians, and he began to bow down in worship of Baal.
b. NIV: He not only considered it trivial to commit the sins of Jeroboam son of Nebat, but he also married Jezebel daughter of Ethbaal king of the Sidonians, and began to serve Baal and worship him.
c. Young’s Literal Translation: And it cometh to pass -- hath it been light his walking in the sins of Jeroboam son of Nebat? -- then he taketh a wife, Jezebel daughter of Ethbaal, king of the Zidonians, and goeth and serveth Baal, and boweth himself to it,
d. Amplified Bible: As if it had been a light thing for Ahab to walk in the sins of Jeroboam son of Nebat, he took for a wife Jezebel daughter of Ethbaal king of the Sidonians, and served Baal and worshiped him.
e. Septuagint: And it was not enough for him to walk in the sins of Jeroboam the son of Nabat, but he took to wife, Jezabel the daughter of Jethebaal king of the Sidonians; and he went and served Baal, and worshiped him.
f. Stone Edition Torah/Writings/Prophets: The least [of his evils] was his going in [the way of] the sins of Jeroboam son of Nebat. He took a wife, Jezebel daughter of Ethball, king of the Sidonians; and he went and worshipped the Baal and prostrated himself to it.
1. “And it came to pass, as if it had been a light thing for him to walk in the sins of Jeroboam the son of Nebat…”
a. [And it] came to pass [Strong: 1961 hayah haw-yaw a primitive root (Compare 1933); to exist, i.e. be or become, come to pass (always emphatic, and not a mere copula or auxiliary):--beacon, X altogether, be(-come), accomplished, committed, like), break, cause, come (to pass), do, faint, fall, + follow, happen, X have, last, pertain, quit (one-)self, require, X use.]
b. [as though it had been a] light thing [Strong: 7043 qâlal, kaw-lal'; a primitive root; to be (causatively, make) light, literally (swift, small, sharp, etc.) or figuratively (easy, trifling, vile, etc.):—abate, make bright, bring into contempt, (ac-) curse, despise, (be) ease(-y, -ier), (be a, make, make somewhat, move, seem a, set) light(-en, -er, -ly, -ly afflict, -ly esteem, thing), × slight(-ly), be swift(-er), (be, be more, make, re-) vile, whet.]
c. [for him to] walk [Strong: 3212 yâlak, yaw-lak'; a primitive root (compare H1980); to walk (literally or figuratively); causatively, to carry (in various senses):—× again, away, bear, bring, carry (away), come (away), depart, flow, follow(-ing), get (away, hence, him), (cause to, made) go (away, -ing, -ne, one's way, out), grow, lead (forth), let down, march, prosper, pursue, cause to run, spread, take away (-journey), vanish, (cause to) walk(-ing), wax, × be weak.]
d. [in the] sins [Strong: 2403 chaṭṭâʼâh, khat-taw-aw'; or חַטָּאת chaṭṭâʼth; from H2398; an offence (sometimes habitual sinfulness), and its penalty, occasion, sacrifice, or expiation; also (concretely) an offender:—punishment (of sin), purifying(-fication for sin), sin(-ner, offering).]
e. [of] Jeroboam [Strong: 3379 Yârobʻâm, yaw-rob-awm'; from H7378 and H5971; (the) people will contend; Jarobam, the name of two Israelite kings:—Jeroboam.]
f. [the] son [Strong: 1121 bên, bane; from H1129; a son (as a builder of the family name), in the widest sense (of literal and figurative relationship, including grandson, subject, nation, quality or condition, etc., (like father or brother), etc.):—afflicted, age, (Ahoh-) (Ammon-) (Hachmon-) (Lev-) ite, (anoint-) ed one, appointed to, (+) arrow, (Assyr-) (Babylon-) (Egypt-) (Grec-) ian, one born, bough, branch, breed, + (young) bullock, + (young) calf, × came up in, child, colt, × common, × corn, daughter, × of first, firstborn, foal, + very fruitful, + postage, × in, + kid, + lamb, (+) man, meet, +mighty, + nephew, old, (+) people, rebel, + robber, × servant born, × soldier, son, +spark, steward, + stranger, × surely, them of, + tumultuous one, valiant(-est), whelp, worthy, young (one), youth.]
g. [of] Nebat [Strong: 5028 Nᵉbâṭ, neb-awt'; from H5027; regard; Nebat, the father of Jeroboam I:—Nebat.]
1). The sins of Jeroboam were basically he invented a counterfeit Judaism, complete with idols, a priesthood and feast days. It sounds a lot like what Christianity descended into with Catholicism, with idols, a priesthood and feast days.
a). 1 Kings 12:25-33 Then Jeroboam built Shechem in mount Ephraim, and dwelt therein; and went out from thence, and built Penuel.
12:26 And Jeroboam said in his heart, Now shall the kingdom return to the house of David:
12:27 If this people go up to do sacrifice in the house of the Lord at Jerusalem, then shall the heart of this people turn again unto their lord, even unto Rehoboam king of Judah, and they shall kill me, and go again to Rehoboam king of Judah.
12:28 Whereupon the king took counsel, and made two calves of gold, and said unto them, It is too much for you to go up to Jerusalem: behold thy gods, O Israel, which brought thee up out of the land of Egypt.
12:29 And he set the one in Bethel, and the other put he in Dan.
12:30 And this thing became a sin: for the people went to worship before the one, even unto Dan.
12:31 And he made an house of high places, and made priests of the lowest of the people, which were not of the sons of Levi.
12:32 And Jeroboam ordained a feast in the eighth month, on the fifteenth day of the month, like unto the feast that is in Judah, and he offered upon the altar. So did he in Bethel, sacrificing unto the calves that he had made: and he placed in Bethel the priests of the high places which he had made.
12:33 So he offered upon the altar which he had made in Bethel the fifteenth day of the eighth month, even in the month which he had devised of his own heart; and ordained a feast unto the children of Israel: and he offered upon the altar, and burnt incense.
2. “…that he took to wife Jezebel the daughter of Ethbaal king of the Zidonians, and went and served Baal, and worshipped him.”
a. [that he] took [Strong: 3947 lâqach, law-kakh'; a primitive root; to take (in the widest variety of applications):—accept, bring, buy, carry away, drawn, fetch, get, infold, × many, mingle, place, receive(-ing), reserve, seize, send for, take (away, -ing, up), use, win.]
b. [to] wife [Strong: 802 ʼishshâh, ish-shaw'; feminine of H376 or H582; irregular plural, נָשִׁים nâshîym;(used in the same wide sense as H582) a woman:—(adulter) ess, each, every, female, × many, none, one, together, wife, woman. Often unexpressed in English.]
c. Jezebel [Strong: 348 ʼÎyzebel, ee-zeh'-bel; from H336 and H2083; Izebel, the wife of king Ahab:—Jezebel.] [AMG: A proper noun designating Jezebel. She was a Sidonian princess who married the Israelite king Ahab. Her father was Ethbaal, king of Tyre and a priest of Baal. She introduced Tyrian Baal worship in Israel and promoted and fostered the priests of Baal (1 Kings 18:19). She killed many prophets of the Lord (1 Kings 18:4). She attempted to kill Elijah (1 Kings 19:1). She arranged to have naboth killed (1 Kings 21:5-25). Elijah condemned her, and the Lord appointed Jehu to eradicate her and her family from Israel (2 Kings 9:6-10; 2 Kings 9:22-37). She was the queen mother for ten more years after Ahab died. She died at Jehu’s hand in approx. 842 B.C.. She is mentioned as a negative symbol of a false prophet in Revelation 2:20.]
d. [the] daughter bath, bath; from H1129 (as feminine of H1121); a daughter (used in the same wide sense as other terms of relationship, literally and figuratively):—apple (of the eye), branch, company, daughter, × first, × old, owl, town, village.]
e. [of] Ethbal [Strong: 856 ʼEthbaʻal, eth-bah'-al; from H854 and H1168; with Baal; Ethbaal, a Phoenician king:—Ethbaal.]
f. king [Strong: 4428 melek, meh'-lek; from H4427; a king:—king, royal.]
g. [of the] Zidonians [Strong: 6722 Tsîydônîy, tsee-do-nee'; patrial from H6721; a Tsidonian or inhabitant of Tsidon:—Sidonian, of Sidon, Zidonian.]
1). The Zidonians were part of the people who inhabited Canaan before God gave the land to Israel. God specifically warned Israel to drive out the inhabitants, lest they become problems for them. He warned them not to make marriages with them.
a). Deuteronomy 7:1-5 When the LORD thy God shall bring thee into the land whither thou goest to possess it, and hath cast out many nations before thee, the Hittites, and the Girgashites, and the Amorites, and the Canaanites, and the Perizzites, and the Hivites, and the Jebusites, seven nations greater and mightier than thou;
7:2 And when the LORD thy God shall deliver them before thee; thou shalt smite them, and utterly destroy them; thou shalt make no covenant with them, nor shew mercy unto them:
7:3 Neither shalt thou make marriages with them; thy daughter thou shalt not give unto his son, nor his daughter shalt thou take unto thy son.
7:4 For they will turn away thy son from following me, that they may serve other gods: so will the anger of the LORD be kindled against you, and destroy thee suddenly.
7:5 But thus shall ye deal with them; ye shall destroy their altars, and break down their images, and cut down their groves, and burn their graven images with fire.
b). Judges 3:1-3 Now these are the nations which the Lord left, to prove Israel by them, even as many of Israel as had not known all the wars of Canaan;
3:2 Only that the generations of the children of Israel might know, to teach them war, at the least such as before knew nothing thereof;
3:3 Namely, five lords of the Philistines, and all the Canaanites, and the Sidonians, and the Hivites that dwelt in mount Lebanon, from mount Baalhermon unto the entering in of Hamath.
2). It happened with Solomon before it happened to Ahab.
a). 1 Kings 11:1, 2 But king Solomon loved many strange women, together with the daughter of Pharaoh, women of the Moabites, Ammonites, Edomites, Zidonians, and Hittites;
11:2 Of the nations concerning which the LORD said unto the children of Israel, Ye shall not go in to them, neither shall they come in unto you: for surely they will turn away your heart after their gods: Solomon clave unto these in love.
h. [and] went [Strong: 3212 yâlak, yaw-lak'; a primitive root (compare H1980); to walk (literally or figuratively); causatively, to carry (in various senses):—× again, away, bear, bring, carry (away), come (away), depart, flow, follow(-ing), get (away, hence, him), (cause to, made) go (away, -ing, -ne, one's way, out), grow, lead (forth), let down, march, prosper, pursue, cause to run, spread, take away (-journey), vanish, (cause to) walk(-ing), wax, × be weak.]
i. [and] served [Strong: 5647 ʻâbad, aw-bad'; a primitive root; to work (in any sense); by implication, to serve, till, (causatively) enslave, etc.:—× be, keep in bondage, be bondmen, bond-service, compel, do, dress, ear, execute, husbandman, keep, labour(-ing man, bring to pass, (cause to, make to) serve(-ing, self), (be, become) servant(-s), do (use) service, till(-er), transgress (from margin), (set a) work, be wrought, worshipper,]
j. [Strong: 853 'eth ayth apparent contracted from 226 in the demonstrative sense of entity; properly, self (but generally used to point out more definitely the object of a verb or preposition, even or namely):--(as such unrepresented in English).]
k. Baal [Strong: 1168 Baʻal, bah'-al; the same as H1167; Baal, a Phoenician deity:—Baal, (plural) Baalim.]
l. [and] worshipped [him] [Strong: 7812 shâchâh, shaw-khaw'; a primitive root; to depress, i.e. prostrate (especially reflexive, in homage to royalty or God):—bow (self) down, crouch, fall down (flat), humbly beseech, do (make) obeisance, do reverence, make to stoop, worship.]
1 Kings 16:32
And he reared up an altar for Baal in the house of Baal, which he had built in Samaria.
a. ASV: And he reared up an altar for Baal in the house of Baal, which he had built in Samaria.
b. YLT: And raiseth up an altar for Baal, in the house of the Baal, that he built in Samaria;
c. Amplified Bible Classic: He erected an altar for Baal in the house of Baal which he built in Samaria.
d. Septuagint: And he set up an alter to Baal, in the house of his abominations, which he built in Samaria.
e. Stone Edition Torah/Prophets/Writings: He erected an altar for the Baal, in the Temple of the Baal that he built in Samaria.
1. “And he reared up an altar for Baal in the house of Baal, which he had built in Samaria.”
a. [And he] reared up [Strong: 6965 qûwm, koom; a primitive root; to rise (in various applications, literal, figurative, intensive and causative):—abide, accomplish, × be clearer, confirm, continue, decree, × be dim, endure, × enemy, enjoin, get up, make good, help, hold, (help to) lift up (again), make, × but newly, ordain, perform, pitch, raise (up), rear (up), remain, (a-) rise (up) (again, against), rouse up, set (up), (e-) stablish, (make to) stand (up), stir up, strengthen, succeed, (as-, make) sure(-ly), (be) up(-hold, -rising).]
b. [an] atar [Strong: 4196 mizbêach, miz-bay'-akh; from H2076; an altar:—altar.]
c. [for] Baal [Strong: 1168 Baʻal, bah'-al; the same as H1167; Baal, a Phoenician deity:—Baal, (plural) Baalim.]
d. [in the] house [Strong: 1004 bayith, bah'-yith; probably from H1129 abbreviated; a house (in the greatest variation of applications, especially family, etc.):—court, daughter, door, + dungeon, family, + forth of, × great as would contain, hangings, home(born), (winter) house(-hold), inside(-ward), palace, place, + prison, + steward, + tablet, temple, web, +within(-out).]
e. [of] Baal Baal [Strong: 1168 Baʻal, bah'-al; the same as H1167; Baal, a Phoenician deity:—Baal, (plural) Baalim.]
f. which [Strong: 834 'aher ash-er' a primitive relative pronoun (of every gender and number); who, which, what, that; also (as an adverb and a conjunction) when, where, how, because, in order that, etc.:--X after, X alike, as (soon as), because, X every, for, + forasmuch, + from whence, + how(-soever), X if, (so) that ((thing) which, wherein), X though, + until, + whatsoever, when, where (+ -as, -in, -of, -on, -soever, -with), which, whilst, + whither(- soever), who(-m, -soever, -se). As it is indeclinable, it is often accompanied by the personal pronoun expletively, used to show the connection.]
g. [he had] built [Strong: 1129 bânâh, baw-naw'; a primitive root; to build (literally and figuratively):—(begin to) build(-er), obtain children, make, repair, set (up), × surely.]
h. [in] Samaria [Strong: 8111 Shômᵉrôwn, sho-mer-one'; from the active participle of H8104; watch-station; Shomeron, a place in Palestine:—Samaria.]
1). In a little over 70 years Israel went from one nation to two nations, the northern 10 tribes under Jeroboam descended into an invented perverted imitation of Judaism. The sins of Jeroboam were basically he invented a counterfeit Judaism, complete with idols, a priesthood and feast days. It sounds a lot like what Christianity descended into with Catholicism, with idols, a priesthood and feast days (1 Kings 12:25-33). Then under Ahab they descended into Baal worship, complete with a Temple and altar.
a). 1 Kings 16:30-32 And Ahab the son of Omri did evil in the sight of the Lord above all that were before him.
16:31 And it came to pass, as if it had been a light thing for him to walk in the sins of Jeroboam the son of Nebat, that he took to wife Jezebel the daughter of Ethbaal king of the Zidonians, and went and served Baal, and worshipped him.
16:32 And he reared up an altar for Baal in the house of Baal, which he had built in Samaria.
1 Kings 16:33
And Ahab made a grove; and Ahab did more to provoke the LORD God of Israel to anger than all the kings of Israel that were before him.
a. ASV: And Ahab made the Asherah; and Ahab did yet more to provoke Jehovah, the God of Israel, to anger than all the kings of Israel that were before him.
b. YLT: And Ahab maketh the shrine, and Ahab addeth to do so as to provoke Jehovah, God of Israel, above all the kings of Israel who have been before him.
c. Amplified Bible Classic: And Ahab made an Asherah [idolatrous symbol of the goddess Asherah]. Ahab did more to provoke the Lord, the God of Israel, to anger than all the kings of Israel before him.
d. Septuagint: And Achaab made a grove; and Achaab did yet more abominably, to provoke the Lord God of Israel, and [to sin against] his own life so that he should be destroyed: he did evil above all the kings of Israel that were before him.
e. Stone Edition Torah/Prophets/Writings: Ahab mad an Asherah-tree; and Ahab did more to anger HASHEM, God of israel, than all the kings of Israel who had preceded him.
1. And Ahab made a grove
a. [And] Ahab [Strong: 256 ʼAchʼâb, akh-awb'; once (by contraction) אֶחָב ʼEchâb (Jeremiah 29:22); from H251 and H1; brother (i.e. friend) of (his) father; Achab, the name of a king of Israel and of a prophet at Babylon:—Ahab.]
b. made [Strong: 6213 ʻâsâh, aw-saw'; a primitive root; to do or make, in the broadest sense and widest application:—accomplish, advance, appoint, apt, be at, become, bear, bestow, bring forth, bruise, be busy, × certainly, have the charge of, commit, deal (with), deck, displease, do, (ready) dress(-ed), (put in) execute(-ion), exercise, fashion, feast, (fight-) ing man, finish, fit, fly, follow, fulfill, furnish, gather, get, go about, govern, grant, great, hinder, hold (a feast), × indeed, be industrious, journey, keep, labour, maintain, make, be meet, observe, be occupied, offer, officer, pare, bring (come) to pass, perform, pracise, prepare, procure, provide, put, requite, ×sacrifice, serve, set, shew, × sin, spend, × surely, take, × thoroughly, trim, × very, vex, be (warr-) ior, work(-man), yield, use.]
c. [a] grove [Strong: 842 ʼăshêrâh, ash-ay-raw'; or אֲשֵׁירָה ʼăshêyrâh; from H833; happy; Asherah (or Astarte) a Phoenician goddess; also an image of the same:—grove. [BLB: Ashera(h) = "groves (for idol worship)", a Babylonian (Astarte)-Canaanite goddess (of fortune and happiness), the supposed consort of Baal, her images, the goddess, goddesses, her images sacred trees or poles set up near an altar.]
1). Unger’s Bible Dictionary: “At Byblos on the Mediterranean, north of Sidon, a center dedicated to this goddess has been excavated. She and her colleagues specialized in sex and war and her shrines were temples of legalized vice. Her degraded cult offered a perpetual danger of pollution to Israel and must have sunk to sordid depths as lust and murder were glamorized”
2. “...and Ahab did more to provoke the LORD God of Israel to anger than all the kings of Israel that were before him.”
a. [and] Ahab [Strong: 256 ʼAchʼâb, akh-awb'; once (by contraction) אֶחָב ʼEchâb (Jeremiah 29:22); from H251 and H1; brother (i.e. friend) of (his) father; Achab, the name of a king of Israel and of a prophet at Babylon:—Ahab.]
b. did [Strong: 6213 ʻâsâh, aw-saw'; a primitive root; to do or make, in the broadest sense and widest application:—accomplish, advance, appoint, apt, be at, become, bear, bestow, bring forth, bruise, be busy, × certainly, have the charge of, commit, deal (with), deck, displease, do, (ready) dress(-ed), (put in) execute(-ion), exercise, fashion, feast, (fight-) ing man, finish, fit, fly, follow, fulfill, furnish, gather, get, go about, govern, grant, great, hinder, hold (a feast), × indeed, be industrious, journey, keep, labour, maintain, make, be meet, observe, be occupied, offer, officer, pare, bring (come) to pass, perform, pracise, prepare, procure, provide, put, requite, ×sacrifice, serve, set, shew, × sin, spend, × surely, take, × thoroughly, trim, × very, vex, be (warr-) ior, work(-man), yield, use.]
c. more [Strong: 3254 yâçaph, yaw-saf'; a primitive root; to add or augment (often adverbial, to continue to do a thing):—add, × again, × any more, × cease, × come more, conceive again, continue, exceed, × further, × gather together, get more, give more-over, × henceforth, increase (more and more), join, × longer (bring, do, make, much, put), × (the, much, yet) more (and more), proceed (further), prolong, put, be (strong-) er, × yet, yield.
d. [to] provoke [Strong: 3707 ka`ac kaw-as' a primitive root; to trouble; by implication, to grieve, rage, be indignant:--be angry, be grieved, take indignation, provoke (to anger, unto wrath), have sorrow, vex, be wroth.]
e. [the] LORD [Strong: 3068 Yᵉhôvâh, yeh-ho-vaw'; from H1961; (the) self-Existent or Eternal; Jeho-vah, Jewish national name of God:—Jehovah, the Lord.]
f. God [Strong: 430 ʼĕlôhîym, el-o-heem'; plural of H433; gods in the ordinary sense; but specifically used (in the plural thus, especially with the article) of the supreme God; occasionally applied by way of deference to magistrates; and sometimes as a superlative:—angels, × exceeding, God (gods) (-dess, -ly), × (very) great, judges, × mighty.]
g. [of] Israel [Strong: 3478 Yisrâʼêl, yis-raw-ale'; from H8280 and H410; he will rule as God; Jisraël, a symbolical name of Jacob; also (typically) of his posterity:—Israel.]
h. [to] anger [Strong: 3707 ka`ac kaw-as' a primitive root; to trouble; by implication, to grieve, rage, be indignant:--be angry, be grieved, take indignation, provoke (to anger, unto wrath), have sorrow, vex, be wroth.]
i. [than] all [Strong: 3605 kol kole or (Jer. 33:8) kowl {kole}; from 3634; properly, the whole; hence, all, any or every (in the singular only, but often in a plural sense):--(in) all (manner, (ye)), altogether, any (manner), enough, every (one, place, thing), howsoever, as many as, (no-)thing, ought, whatsoever, (the) whole, whoso(-ever).]
j. [the] kings [Strong: 4428 melek, meh'-lek; from H4427; a king:—king, royal.]
k. [of] Israel [Strong: 3478 Yisrâʼêl, yis-raw-ale'; from H8280 and H410; he will rule as God; Jisraël, a symbolical name of Jacob; also (typically) of his posterity:—Israel.]
l. that [Strong: 834 'aher ash-er' a primitive relative pronoun (of every gender and number); who, which, what, that; also (as an adverb and a conjunction) when, where, how, because, in order that, etc.:--X after, X alike, as (soon as), because, X every, for, + forasmuch, + from whence, + how(-soever), X if, (so) that ((thing) which, wherein), X though, + until, + whatsoever, when, where (+ -as, -in, -of, -on, -soever, -with), which, whilst, + whither(- soever), who(-m, -soever, -se). As it is indeclinable, it is often accompanied by the personal pronoun expletively, used to show the connection.]
m. were [Strong: 1961 hayah haw-yaw a primitive root (Compare 1933); to exist, i.e. be or become, come to pass (always emphatic, and not a mere copula or auxiliary):--beacon, X altogether, be(-come), accomplished, committed, like), break, cause, come (to pass), do, faint, fall, + follow, happen, X have, last, pertain, quit (one-)self, require, X use.
n. before [him] [Strong: 6440 pânîym, paw-neem'; plural (but always as singular) of an unused noun פָּנֶה pâneh; from H6437); the face (as the part that turns); used in a great variety of applications (literally and figuratively); also (with prepositional prefix) as a preposition (before, etc.):— accept, a-(be-) fore(-time), against, anger, × as (long as), at, battle, because (of), beseech, countenance, edge, employ, endure, enquire, face, favour, fear of, for, forefront(-part), form(-er time, -ward), from, front, heaviness, × him(-self), honourable, impudent, in, it, look(-eth) (-s), × me, meet, × more than, mouth, of, off, (of) old (time), × on, open, out of, over against, the partial, person, please, presence, prospect, was purposed, by reason of, regard, right forth, serve, × shewbread, sight, state, straight, street, × thee, × them(-selves), through ( -out), till, time(-s) past, (un-) to(-ward), upon, upside ( down), with(-in, -stand), × ye, × you.]
1). In a little over 70 years Israel went from one nation to two nations, the northern 10 tribes under Jeroboam descended into an invented perverted imitation of Judaism. The sins of Jeroboam were basically he invented a counterfeit Judaism, complete with idols, a priesthood and feast days. It sounds a lot like what Christianity descended into with Catholicism, with idols, a priesthood and feast days (1 Kings 12:25-33). Then under Ahab they descended into Baal worship, complete with a Temple and altar.
a). 1 Kings 16:30-32 And Ahab the son of Omri did evil in the sight of the Lord above all that were before him.
16:31 And it came to pass, as if it had been a light thing for him to walk in the sins of Jeroboam the son of Nebat, that he took to wife Jezebel the daughter of Ethbaal king of the Zidonians, and went and served Baal, and worshipped him.
16:32 And he reared up an altar for Baal in the house of Baal, which he had built in Samaria.
16:33 And Ahab made a grove; and Ahab did more to provoke the LORD God of Israel to anger than all the kings of Israel that were before him.
1 Kings 16:34
In his days did Hiel the Bethelite build Jericho: he laid the foundation thereof in Abiram his firstborn, and set up the gates thereof in his youngest son Segub, according to the word of the LORD, which he spake by Joshua the son of Nun.
a. ASV: In his days did Hiel the Beth-elite build Jericho: he laid the foundation thereof with the loss of Abiram his first-born, and set up the gates thereof with the loss of his youngest son Segub, according to the word of Jehovah, which he spake by Joshua the son of Nun.
b. YLT: In his days hath Hiel the Beth-Elite built Jericho; in Abiram his first-born he laid its foundation, and in Segub his youngest he set up its doors, according to the word of Jehovah that He spake by the hand of Joshua son of Nun.
c. Amplified Bible Classic: In his days, Hiel the Bethelite built Jericho. He laid its foundations at the cost of the life of Abiram his firstborn, and set up its gates with the loss of his youngest son Segub, according to the word of the Lord which He spoke through Joshua son of Nun.
d. Septuagint: And in his days Achiel the Baethelite built Jericho: he laid the foundation of it in Abiron his first-born, and he set up the doors of it in Segub his younger son, according to the word of the Lord which he spoke by Joshua the son of Naue.
e. Stone Edition Torah/Prophets/Writings: In his days, Hiel the Beth-elite built [up] Jericho; with the death of] Abriam his firstborn, he laid its foundations; and with [the death of] Segub, his youngest, he installed its doors; like the word of HASHEM that he had spoken through the hand of Joshua son of Nun.
1. “In his days…”
a. [In his] days [Strong: 3117 yôwm, yome; from an unused root meaning to be hot; a day (as the warm hours), whether literal (from sunrise to sunset, or from one sunset to the next), or figurative (a space of time defined by an associated term), (often used adverb):—age, always, chronicals, continually(-ance), daily, ((birth-), each, to) day, (now a, two) days (agone), elder, × end, evening, (for) ever(-lasting, -more), × full, life, as (so) long as (... live), (even) now, old, outlived, perpetually, presently, remaineth, ×required, season, × since, space, then, (process of) time, as at other times, in trouble, weather, (as) when, (a, the, within a) while (that), × whole ( age), (full) year(-ly), younger.]
1). In Ahab’s days.
2). The Scripture said previously that King Ahab descended into evil farther than any king of Israel before him.
a). 1 Kings 16:29-30 And in the thirty and eighth year of Asa king of Judah began Ahab the son of Omri to reign over Israel: and Ahab the son of Omri reigned over Israel in Samaria twenty and two years.
And Ahab the son of Omri did evil in the sight of the LORD above all that were before him.
b). 1 Kings 16:33 And Ahab made a grove; and Ahab did more to provoke the LORD God of Israel to anger than all the kings of Israel that were before him.
2. “…did Hiel the Bethelite build Jericho: he laid the foundation thereof in Abiram his firstborn, and set up the gates thereof in his youngest son Segub…”
a. [did] Hiel [Strong: 2419 Chîyʼêl, khee-ale'; from H2416 and H410; living of God; Chiel, an Israelite:—Hiel.]
b. [the] Bethelite [Strong: 1017 Bêyth hâ-ʼĔlîy, bayth haw-el-ee'; patrial from H1008 with the article interposed; a Beth-elite, or inhabitant of Bethel:—Bethelite.]
c. build [Strong: 1129 bânâh, baw-naw'; a primitive root; to build (literally and figuratively):—(begin to) build(-er), obtain children, make, repair, set (up), × surely.]
d. Jericho [Strong: 3405 Yᵉrîychôw, yer-ee-kho'; or יְרֵחוֹ Yᵉrêchôw; or variation (1 Kings 16:34) יְרִיחֹה Yᵉrîychôh; perhaps from H3394; its month; or else from H7306; fragrant; Jericho or Jerecho, a place in Palestine:—Jericho.]
e. [he] laid the foundation [Strong: 3245 yâçad, yaw-sad'; a primitive root; to set (literally or figuratively); intensively, to found; reflexively, to sit down together, i.e. settle, consult:—appoint, take counsel, establish, (lay the, lay for a) found(-ation), instruct, lay, ordain, set, × sure.]
f. [thereof in] Abiram [Strong: 48 ʼĂbîyrâm, ab-ee-rawm'; from H1 and H7311; father of height (i.e. lofty); Abiram, the name of two Israelites:—Abiram.]
g. [his] firstborn [Strong: 1060 bᵉkôwr, bek-ore'; from H1069; first-born; hence, chief:—eldest (son), firstborn(-ling).]
h. [and] set up [Strong: 5324 nâtsab, naw-tsab'; a primitive root; to station, in various applications (literally or figuratively):—appointed, deputy, erect, establish, × Huzzah (by mistake for a proper name), lay, officer, pillar, present, rear up, set (over, up), settle, sharpen, establish, (make to) stand(-ing, still, up, upright), best state.]
i. [the] gates [Strong: 1817 deleth, deh'-leth; from H1802; something swinging, i.e. the valve of a door:—door (two-leaved), gate, leaf, lid.]
j. [thereof in his] youngest [Strong: 6810 tsâʻîyr, tsaw-eer'; or צָעוֹר tsâʻôwr; from H6819; little; (in number) few; (in age) young, (in value) ignoble:—least, little (one), small (one), young(-er, -est).]
k. [son] Segub [Strong: 7687 Sᵉgûwb, seg-oob'; from H7682; aloft; Segub, the name of two Israelites:—Segub.]
3. “...according to the word of the LORD, which he spake by Joshua the son of Nun.”
a. [according to the] word [Strong: 1697 dâbâr, daw-baw'; from H1696; a word; by implication, a matter (as spoken of) or thing; adverbially, a cause:—act, advice, affair, answer, × any such (thing), because of, book, business, care, case, cause, certain rate, chronicles, commandment, × commune(-ication), concern(-ing), confer, counsel, dearth, decree, deed, × disease, due, duty, effect, eloquent, errand, (evil favoured-) ness, glory, harm, hurt, iniquity, judgment, language, lying, manner, matter, message, (no) thing, oracle, × ought, × parts, pertaining, please, portion, power, promise, provision, purpose, question, rate, reason, report, request, × (as hast) said, sake, saying, sentence, sign, so, some (uncleanness), somewhat to say, song, speech, × spoken, talk, task, that, × there done, thing (concerning), thought, thus, tidings, what(-soever), wherewith, which, word, work.]
b. [of the] LORD [Strong: 3068 Yᵉhôvâh, yeh-ho-vaw'; from H1961; (the) self-Existent or Eternal; Jeho-vah, Jewish national name of God:—Jehovah, the Lord.]
c. which [Strong: 834 'aher ash-er' a primitive relative pronoun (of every gender and number); who, which, what, that; also (as an adverb and a conjunction) when, where, how, because, in order that, etc.:--X after, X alike, as (soon as), because, X every, for, + forasmuch, + from whence, + how(-soever), X if, (so) that ((thing) which, wherein), X though, + until, + whatsoever, when, where (+ -as, -in, -of, -on, -soever, -with), which, whilst, + whither(- soever), who(-m, -soever, -se). As it is indeclinable, it is often accompanied by the personal pronoun expletively, used to show the connection.]
d. [he] spake [Strong: 1696 dâbar, daw-bar'; a primitive root; perhaps properly, to arrange; but used figuratively (of words), to speak; rarely (in a destructive sense) to subdue:—answer, appoint, bid, command, commune, declare, destroy, give, name, promise, pronounce, rehearse, say, speak, be spokesman, subdue, talk, teach, tell, think, use (entreaties), utter, × well, × work.]
e. by [Strong: 3027 yâd, yawd; a primitive word; a hand (the open one [indicating power, means, direction, etc.], in distinction from 3709, the closed one); used (as noun, adverb, etc.) in a great variety of applications, both literally and figuratively, both proximate and remote [as follows]:—( be) able, × about, armholes, at, axletree, because of, beside, border, × bounty, broad, (broken-) handed, × by, charge, coast, consecrate, creditor, custody, debt, dominion, × enough, fellowship, force, × from, hand(-staves, -y work), × he, himself, × in, labour, large, ledge, (left-) handed, means, × mine, ministry, near, × of, × order, ordinance, × our, parts, pain, power, ×presumptuously, service, side, sore, state, stay, draw with strength, stroke, swear, terror, × thee, × by them, × themselves, × thine own, × thou, through, × throwing, thumb, times, × to, × under, × us, × wait on, (way-) side, where, wide, × with (him, me, you), work, yield, × yourselves.]
f. Joshua [Strong: 3091 Yᵉhôwshûwaʻ, yeh-ho-shoo'-ah; or יְהוֹשֻׁעַ Yᵉhôwshuʻa; from H3068 and H3467; Jehovah-saved; Jehoshua (i.e. Joshua), the Jewish leader:—Jehoshua, Jehoshuah, Joshua.]
g. [the] son [Strong: 1121 bên, bane; from H1129; a son (as a builder of the family name), in the widest sense (of literal and figurative relationship, including grandson, subject, nation, quality or condition, etc., (like father or brother), etc.):—afflicted, age, (Ahoh-) (Ammon-) (Hachmon-) (Lev-) ite, (anoint-) ed one, appointed to, (+) arrow, (Assyr-) (Babylon-) (Egypt-) (Grec-) ian, one born, bough, branch, breed, + (young) bullock, + (young) calf, × came up in, child, colt, × common, × corn, daughter, × of first, firstborn, foal, + very fruitful, + postage, × in, + kid, + lamb, (+) man, meet, +mighty, + nephew, old, (+) people, rebel, + robber, × servant born, × soldier, son, +spark, steward, + stranger, × surely, them of, + tumultuous one, valiant(-est), whelp, worthy, young (one), youth.]
h. [of] Nun [Strong: 5126 Nûwn, noon; or נוֹן Nôwn; (1 Chronicles 7:27), from H5125; perpetuity, Nun or Non, the father of Joshua:—Non, Nun.
1). This was a fulfillment of a prophetic utterance that Joshua gave after Jericho was destroyed.
a). Joshua 6:26 And Joshua adjured them at that time, saying, Cursed be the man before the LORD, that riseth up and buildeth this city Jericho: he shall lay the foundation thereof in his firstborn, and in his youngest son shall he set up the gates of it.
2). This is the last verse in Chapter 16, but there is an interesting Jewish tradition mentioned by Alfred Edersheim in his book, Bible History Old Testament, concerning 1 Kings 16:34 and 1 Kings 17:1.
a). Bible History Old Testament, p.670, Note 6. “Both he [Elijah] and King Ahab are supposed to have come on a visit of condolence to Heil, after the death of his children (I Kings 16:34). Elijah explains that this terrible calamity was the consequence of the neglect of Joshua’s warning, to which Ahab objects that it was incredible the disciple’s word should become true, if the master’s were not. But since the threatening of Moses in regard to idolatry had not been fulfilled, he could not believe in the warning of Joshua. Upon this Elijah bursts into the words mentioned in the text.” (1 Kings 17:1).
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