Psalm 23:5

 Psalm 23:5

Thou preparest a table before me in the presence of mine enemies: thou anointest my head with oil; my cup runneth over.

a. ASV: Thou preparest a table before me in the presence of mine enemies: Thou hast anointed my head with oil; My cup runneth over.

b. YLT: Thou arrangest before me a table, Over-against my adversaries, Thou hast anointed with oil my head, My cup is full!

c. Amplified Bible Classic: You prepare a table before me in the presence of my enemies. You anoint my head with oil; my [brimming] cup runs over.

d. Septuagint [Psalm 23:5 in our Bibles is Psalm 22:5 in the Septuagint]: Thou has prepared a table before me in presence of them that afflict me: thou hast thoroughly anointed my head with oil; and thy cup cheers me like the best [wine].

e. Stone Edition Torah/Prophets/Writings: You prepare a table before me in view of my tormentors. You anointed my head my head with oil, my cup overflows. 

1. “Thou preparest a table before me in the presence of mine enemies…”

a. [Thou] preparest [Strong: 6186 ʻârak, aw-rak'; a primitive root; to set in a row, i.e. arrange, put in order (in a very wide variety of applications):—put (set) (the battle, self) in array, compare, direct, equal, esteem, estimate, expert (in war), furnish, handle, join (battle), ordain, (lay, put, reckon up, set) (in) order, prepare, tax, value.]

b. [a] table [Strong: 7979 shulchân, shool-khawn'; from H7971; a table (as spread out); by implication, a meal:—table.]

c. before [me] [Strong: 6440 pânîym, paw-neem'; plural (but always as singular) of an unused noun פָּנֶה pâneh; from H6437); the face (as the part that turns); used in a great variety of applications (literally and figuratively); also (with prepositional prefix) as a preposition (before, etc.):— accept, a-(be-) fore(-time), against, anger, × as (long as), at, battle, because (of), beseech, countenance, edge, employ, endure, enquire, face, favour, fear of, for, forefront(-part), form(-er time, -ward), from, front, heaviness, × him(-self), honourable, impudent, in, it, look(-eth) (-s), × me, meet, × more than, mouth, of, off, (of) old (time), × on, open, out of, over against, the partial, person, please, presence, prospect, was purposed, by reason of, regard, right forth, serve, × shewbread, sight, state, straight, street, × thee, × them(-selves), through ( -out), till, time(-s) past, (un-) to(-ward), upon, upside ( down), with(-in, -stand), × ye, × you.]

d. [in the] presence [Strong: 5048 neged neh'-ghed from 5046; a front, i.e. part opposite; specifically a counterpart, or mate; usually (adverbial, especially with preposition) over against or before:--about, (over) against, X aloof, X far (off), X from, over, presence, X other side, sight, X to view.]

e. [of my] enemies [Strong: 6887  tsârar, tsaw-rar'; a primitive root; to cramp, literally or figuratively, transitive or intransitive:—adversary, (be in) afflict(-ion), beseige, bind (up), (be in, bring) distress, enemy, narrower, oppress, pangs, shut up, be in a strait (trouble), vex.]

1). The table is spread before us now in this Covenant, while we are on earth. Our enemies are present, in heaven they will not be present.  

a). Revelation 3:20 Behold, I stand at the door, and knock: if any man hear my voice, and open the door, I will come in to him, and will sup with him, and he with me.

2). The table is filled with all the things that Christ has provided for us in this life to have abundant life. Forgiveness and victory over sin. 

a). Psalm 34:8 O taste and see that the LORD is good: blessed is the man that trusteth in him.

3). The bread of healing and deliverance.

a). Matthew 15:21-28 Then Jesus went thence, and departed into the coasts of Tyre and Sidon.

15:22 And, behold, a woman of Canaan came out of the same coasts, and cried unto him, saying, Have mercy on me, O Lord, thou son of David; my daughter is grievously vexed with a devil.

15:23 But he answered her not a word. And his disciples came and besought him, saying, Send her away; for she crieth after us.

15:24 But he answered and said, I am not sent but unto the lost sheep of the house of Israel.

15:25 Then came she and worshipped him, saying, Lord, help me.

15:26 But he answered and said, It is not meet to take the children's bread, and to cast it to dogs.

15:27 And she said, Truth, Lord: yet the dogs eat of the crumbs which fall from their masters' table.

15:28 Then Jesus answered and said unto her, O woman, great is thy faith: be it unto thee even as thou wilt. And her daughter was made whole from that very hour.

4). The milk of the word.

a). 1 Peter 2:1-3 Wherefore laying aside all malice, and all guile, and hypocrisies, and envies, and all evil speakings,

2:2 As newborn babes, desire the sincere milk of the word, that ye may grow thereby:

2:3 If so be ye have tasted that the Lord is gracious.

5). The meat of the word.

a). Hebrews 5:11-14 Of whom we have many things to say, and hard to be uttered, seeing ye are dull of hearing.

5:12 For when for the time ye ought to be teachers, ye have need that one teach you again which be the first principles of the oracles of God; and are become such as have need of milk, and not of strong meat.

5:13 For every one that useth milk is unskilful in the word of righteousness: for he is a babe.

5:14 But strong meat belongeth to them that are of full age, even those who by reason of use have their senses exercised to discern both good and evil.

6). Walking in obedience and doing the word is how we eat.

a). Isaiah 55:1-3 Ho, every one that thirsteth, come ye to the waters, and he that hath no money; come ye, buy, and eat; yea, come, buy wine and milk without money and without price.

55:2 Wherefore do ye spend money for that which is not bread? and your labour for that which satisfieth not? hearken diligently unto me, and eat ye that which is good, and let your soul delight itself in fatness.

55:3 Incline your ear, and come unto me: hear, and your soul shall live; and I will make an everlasting covenant with you, even the sure mercies of David.

2. “...thou anointest my head with oil; my cup runneth over.”

a. [thou] anointest [Strong: 1878 dâshên, daw-shane'; a primitive root; also denominatively (from H1880) to be fat; transitively, to fatten (or regard as fat); specifically to anoint; figuratively, to satisfy; to remove (fat) ashes (of sacrifices):—accept, anoint, take away the (receive) ashes (from), make (wax) fat.]

b. [my] head [Strong: 7218  rôʼsh, roshe; from an unused root apparently meaning to shake; the head (as most easily shaken), whether literal or figurative (in many applications, of place, time, rank, etc.):—band, beginning, captain, chapiter, chief(-est place, man, things), company, end, × every (man), excellent, first, forefront, (be-)head, height, (on) high(-est part, (priest)), × lead, × poor, principal, ruler, sum, top.]

c. [with] oil [Strong: 8081 shemen, sheh'-men; from H8080; grease, especially liquid (as from the olive, often perfumed); figuratively, richness:—anointing, × fat (things), × fruitful, oil(-ed), ointment, olive, pine.]

d. [my] cup [Strong: 3563 kôwç, koce; from an unused root meaning to hold together; a cup (as a container), often figuratively, a lot (as if a potion); also some unclean bird, probably an owl (perhaps from the cup-like cavity of its eye):—cup, (small) owl.]

1). Cup is used here figuratively and meaning what is dealt to us in life. Remember this individual is in Covenant with God, because the LORD is his Shepherd.This cup from the LORD is running over.

a). Psalm 116:13 I will take the cup of salvation, and call upon the name of the LORD.

b). Psalm 16:5 The LORD is the portion of mine inheritance and of my cup: thou maintainest my lot.

e. runneth over [Strong: 7310 rᵉvâyâh, rev-aw-yaw'; from H7301; satisfaction:—runneth over, wealthy.